Kuchuluka kwa mayamwidwe a laser ndi kusintha kwa nkhani ya kuyanjana kwa zinthu za laser

Kuyanjana pakati pa laser ndi zida kumaphatikizapo zochitika zambiri zakuthupi ndi mawonekedwe. Nkhani zitatu zotsatirazi zifotokoza zinthu zitatu zofunika kwambiri zokhudzana ndi kuwotcherera kwa laser kuti athandize anzawo kumvetsetsa bwino zalaser kuwotcherera ndondomeko: ogawika mu mlingo wa laser mayamwidwe ndi kusintha boma, plasma ndi keyhole kwenikweni. Nthawi ino, tisintha ubale pakati pa kusintha kwa laser ndi zida ndi kuchuluka kwa mayamwidwe.

Kusintha kwa zinthu zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kuyanjana pakati pa laser ndi zida

The laser processing zipangizo zitsulo makamaka zochokera matenthedwe processing wa zotsatira photothermal. Pamene kuwala kwa laser kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zakuthupi, kusintha kosiyanasiyana kudzachitika pamtunda wa zinthuzo pamagulu osiyanasiyana amphamvu. Zosinthazi zikuphatikizapo kukwera kwa kutentha kwa pamwamba, kusungunuka, vaporization, kupanga ma keyhole, ndi kupanga plasma. Komanso, kusintha kwa thupi la zinthu zakuthupi kumakhudza kwambiri kuyamwa kwa laser. Ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kachulukidwe ka mphamvu ndi nthawi yochitapo kanthu, zinthu zachitsulo zidzasintha motere:

Pamene alaser mphamvukachulukidwe ndi otsika (<10 ^ 4w/cm ^ 2) ndipo nthawi yowunikira ndi yaifupi, mphamvu ya laser yomwe imatengedwa ndi chitsulo imangopangitsa kuti kutentha kwa zinthu kumawuke kuchokera pamwamba kupita mkati, koma gawo lolimba limakhalabe losasinthika. . Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochiza matenda a annealing ndi kusintha kwa gawo, ndi zida, magiya, ndi ma bere ambiri;

Ndi kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu ya laser mphamvu (10 ^ 4-10 ^ 6w / cm ^ 2) ndi kutalika kwa nthawi ya kuwala, pamwamba pa zinthuzo zimasungunuka pang'onopang'ono. Pamene athandizira mphamvu ukuwonjezeka, mawonekedwe amadzimadzi olimba pang'onopang'ono akupita ku gawo lakuya la zinthu. Njira yakuthupiyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pakuwongolera, kusungunula, kutsekereza, komanso kuwotcherera kwazitsulo.

Powonjezera kuchuluka kwa mphamvu (> 10 ^ 6w/cm ^ 2) ndikutalikitsa nthawi yochitapo kanthu ya laser, zinthu zakuthupi sizimangosungunuka komanso zimasungunuka, ndipo zinthu zomwe zimapangidwa ndi vaporized zimasonkhanitsidwa pafupi ndi zinthu zomwe zili pamwamba pake ndikuchepetsa ioni kuti apange plasma. Izi plasma woonda kumathandiza zinthu kuyamwa laser; Pansi pa mphamvu ya vaporization ndi kukula, madzi pamwamba deforms ndi kupanga maenje. Gawo ili angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuwotcherera laser, kawirikawiri mu splicing matenthedwe madutsidwe kuwotcherera ya yaying'ono kugwirizana mkati 0.5mm.

Powonjezera mphamvu yamagetsi (> 10 ^ 7w / cm ^ 2) ndikutalikitsa nthawi yowunikira, zinthu zakuthupi zimakhala ndi mpweya wamphamvu, kupanga plasma yokhala ndi digiri yapamwamba ya ionization. Plasma wandiweyani uyu amakhala ndi chitetezo pa laser, amachepetsa kwambiri kachulukidwe kamphamvu ka zochitika za laser muzinthuzo. Nthawi yomweyo, pansi pa mphamvu yayikulu yochitira nthunzi, mabowo ang'onoang'ono, omwe amadziwika kuti ma keyholes, amapangidwa mkati mwachitsulo chosungunuka, Kukhalapo kwa ma keyholes ndikopindulitsa kuti zinthu zizitha kuyamwa laser, ndipo gawoli litha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pakuphatikiza kwakuya kwa laser. kuwotcherera, kudula ndi kubowola, kulimbitsa mphamvu, etc.

Pazikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana, mafunde osiyanasiyana a kuwala kwa laser pazida zosiyanasiyana zachitsulo kumapangitsa kuti pakhale kuchuluka kwamphamvu kwamphamvu pagawo lililonse.

Pankhani ya kuyamwa kwa laser ndi zipangizo, vaporization ya zipangizo ndi malire. Pamene zinthu sizimadutsa vaporization, kaya mu gawo lolimba kapena lamadzimadzi, kuyamwa kwake kwa laser kumangosintha pang'onopang'ono ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha kwa pamwamba; Zinthu zikangosungunuka ndikupanga plasma ndi ma keyholes, kuyamwa kwa laser kwa zinthuzo kudzasintha mwadzidzidzi.

Monga momwe chithunzi 2, mayamwidwe a laser pa zinthu pamwamba pa kuwotcherera laser amasiyana ndi kachulukidwe laser mphamvu ndi kutentha zinthu pamwamba. Zinthuzo zikapanda kusungunuka, kuchuluka kwa mayamwidwe azinthu ku laser kumawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono ndikuwonjezeka kwa kutentha kwa zinthu. Kachulukidwe ka mphamvu kamakhala kokulirapo kuposa (10 ^ 6w/cm ^ 2), zinthuzo zimaphwera mwamphamvu, ndikupanga chibowo chotsekera. Laser imalowa m'bowo lachifungulo kuti muwonetsere kangapo ndi kuyamwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa mayamwidwe a zinthuzo ku laser komanso kuwonjezeka kwakukulu pakusungunuka kwakuya.

Kuyamwa kwa Laser ndi Zida Zachitsulo - Wavelength

Chithunzi chomwe chili pamwambachi chikuwonetsa mgwirizano pakati pa kunyezimira, kuyanika, ndi kutalika kwa mafunde azitsulo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kutentha kutentha. M'dera la infrared, kuchuluka kwa mayamwidwe kumachepa ndipo kuwunikira kumawonjezeka ndi kuchuluka kwa mafunde. Zitsulo zambiri zimawonetsa kuwala kwa 10.6um (CO2) wavelength infuraredi pomwe zimawonetsa kuwala kwa 1.06um (1060nm) wavelength infuraredi. Zida zachitsulo zimakhala ndi mayamwidwe apamwamba kwambiri a lasers lalifupi lalifupi, monga kuwala kwa buluu ndi wobiriwira.

Mayamwidwe a Laser ndi Zida Zachitsulo - Kutentha Kwazinthu ndi Kachulukidwe ka Mphamvu ya Laser

Kutengera aloyi ya aluminiyamu mwachitsanzo, zinthu zikakhala zolimba, mayamwidwe a laser ndi pafupifupi 5-7%, mayamwidwe amadzimadzi amafika 25-35%, ndipo amatha kufikira 90% m'boma la keyhole.

Kuchuluka kwa mayamwidwe azinthu ku laser kumawonjezeka ndi kutentha kwakukulu. Mayamwidwe azinthu zachitsulo kutentha kwapakati ndi otsika kwambiri. Kutentha kumakwera mpaka pafupi ndi malo osungunuka, mayamwidwe ake amatha kufika 40% ~ 60%. Ngati kutentha kuli pafupi ndi malo otentha, mayamwidwe ake amatha kufika mpaka 90%.

Mayamwidwe a Laser ndi Zida Zachitsulo - Surface Condition

Kuchuluka kwa mayamwidwe ochiritsira kumayesedwa pogwiritsa ntchito zitsulo zosalala, koma pogwiritsira ntchito kutentha kwa laser, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofunikira kuonjezera mayamwidwe azinthu zina zowonetsera kwambiri (aluminium, mkuwa) kuti mupewe kutsekemera kwabodza chifukwa cha kusinkhasinkha kwakukulu;

Njira zotsatirazi zingagwiritsidwe ntchito:

1. Kutengera njira zoyenera zopangira chithandizo chamankhwala kuti zithandizire kuwunikira kwa laser: makutidwe ndi okosijeni, sandblasting, kuyeretsa laser, kupaka faifi tambala, plating ya malata, zokutira za graphite, ndi zina zonse zitha kupititsa patsogolo mayamwidwe a laser;

Chofunika kwambiri ndikuwonjezera kuuma kwa zinthu zakuthupi (zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ma laser ang'onoang'ono aziwoneka ndi kuyamwa), komanso kuonjezera zokutira ndi kuchuluka kwa kuyamwa kwakukulu. Mwa kuyamwa laser mphamvu ndi kusungunuka ndi volatilizing kupyolera mkulu mayamwidwe mlingo zipangizo, kutentha laser imafalikira ku zinthu m'munsi kuti kuwongolera zinthu mayamwidwe mlingo ndi kuchepetsa kuwotcherera pafupifupi chifukwa cha mkulu wonyezimira chodabwitsa.