M'zaka zaposachedwa, kuyeretsa kwa laser kwakhala imodzi mwamalo ochita kafukufuku pamakampani opanga mafakitale, kafukufuku amakhudza njira, malingaliro, zida ndi ntchito. M'mafakitale, ukadaulo woyeretsa laser watha kuyeretsa malo ambiri apansi panthaka, kuyeretsa zinthu kuphatikiza chitsulo, aluminiyamu, titaniyamu, magalasi ndi zida zophatikizika, etc., mafakitale ogwiritsira ntchito zakuthambo, ndege, kutumiza, kuthamanga kwambiri. njanji, magalimoto, nkhungu, mphamvu za nyukiliya ndi nyanja ndi zina.
Ukadaulo wotsuka wa laser, womwe unayambira zaka za m'ma 1960, uli ndi ubwino woyeretsa bwino, ntchito zosiyanasiyana, kulondola kwambiri, kusalumikizana ndi kupezeka. Popanga mafakitale, kupanga ndi kukonza ndi magawo ena ali ndi chiyembekezo chogwiritsa ntchito, akuyembekezeka kusintha pang'ono kapena m'malo mwa njira zachikhalidwe zoyeretsera, ndikukhala ukadaulo wodalirika kwambiri woyeretsa zobiriwira m'zaka za zana la 21.
Njira yoyeretsera laser
Njira yoyeretsera laser ndi yovuta kwambiri, yomwe imaphatikizapo njira zosiyanasiyana zochotsera zinthu, kwa njira yoyeretsera laser, njira yoyeretsera ikhoza kukhalapo nthawi yomweyo njira zosiyanasiyana, zomwe makamaka zimachitika chifukwa cha kugwirizana pakati pa laser ndi zinthu, kuphatikizapo The zinthu pamwamba ablation, kuwonongeka, ionization, kuwonongeka, kusungunuka, kuyaka, vaporization, kugwedera, sputtering, kutambasuka, shrinkage, kuphulika, peeling, kukhetsa ndi kusintha zina thupi ndi mankhwala. ndondomeko.
Pakalipano, njira zoyeretsera laser zimakhala zitatu: kuyeretsa laser ablation, kuyeretsa kothandizidwa ndi mafilimu amadzimadzi ndi njira zoyeretsera mafunde a laser.
Njira yoyeretsera laser ablation
Njira zazikuluzikulu zamakina ndikukula kwamafuta, vaporization, ablation ndi kuphulika kwa gawo. Laser imachita mwachindunji pazinthu zomwe zimayenera kuchotsedwa pamwamba pa gawo lapansi ndipo malo ozungulira amatha kukhala mpweya, gasi wosawoneka bwino kapena vacuum. Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndizosavuta komanso zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochotsa zokutira, utoto, tinthu tating'onoting'ono kapena dothi. Chithunzi chomwe chili pansipa chikuwonetsa ndondomeko ya njira yoyeretsera laser ablation.
Pamene kuwala kwa laser pamwamba pa zinthu, gawo lapansi ndi zipangizo zoyeretsera ndizoyamba kuwonjezereka kwa kutentha. Ndi kuchuluka kwa nthawi yolumikizirana ndi laser ndi zinthu zoyeretsera, ngati kutentha kuli kotsika kuposa poyambira cavitation, zinthu zoyeretsera zimangosintha thupi, kusiyana pakati pa zinthu zoyeretsera ndi gawo lapansi lowonjezera lamafuta kumabweretsa kupsinjika pa mawonekedwe. , zinthu zoyeretsera zimang'ambika, kung'ambika pamwamba pa gawo lapansi, kusweka, kuphulika kwa makina, kugwedeza kugwedezeka, etc., zinthu zoyeretsera zimachotsedwa ndi jet kapena kuchotsedwa pa gawo lapansi.
Ngati kutentha kuli pamwamba kuposa gasification pakhomo kutentha kwa zinthu zoyeretsera, padzakhala zinthu ziwiri: 1) ablation pakhomo la zinthu kuyeretsa ndi wocheperapo gawo lapansi; 2) malire a ablation a zinthu zoyeretsera ndi wamkulu kuposa gawo lapansi.
Milandu iwiri ya zinthu zoyeretsera izi ndi kusungunuka, cavitation ndi ablation ndi kusintha kwina kwa physicochemical, kuyeretsa makina kumakhala kovuta kwambiri, kuwonjezera pa zotsatira za kutentha, komanso kungaphatikizepo zipangizo zoyeretsera ndi magawo pakati pa kuwonongeka kwa ma molekyulu, kuyeretsa zipangizo zowonongeka kapena kuwonongeka, gawo. kuphulika, kuyeretsa zipangizo gasification yomweyo ionization, m'badwo wa plasma.
(1)Filimu yamadzimadzi idathandizira kuyeretsa laser
Njira limagwirira makamaka ali madzi filimu otentha vaporization ndi kugwedera, etc .. Kugwiritsa ntchito kufunika kusankha yoyenera laser wavelength, m'njira kupanga chifukwa chosowa mphamvu kuthamanga mu laser ablation kuyeretsa ndondomeko, angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuchotsa zina zovuta kuchotsa chinthu choyeretsa.
Monga momwe chithunzi chili m'munsimu, madzi filimu (madzi, Mowa kapena zakumwa zina) chisanadze yokutidwa pamwamba pa chinthu kuyeretsa, ndiyeno ntchito laser kuti irradiate izo. Zamadzimadzi filimu zimayamwa laser mphamvu chifukwa mu amphamvu kuphulika kwa TV zamadzimadzi, kuphulika kwa otentha madzi mkulu-liwiro kayendedwe, mphamvu kutengerapo pamwamba kuyeretsa zipangizo, mkulu chosakhalitsa zaphulika mphamvu zokwanira kuchotsa padziko dothi kukwaniritsa zolinga kuyeretsa.
Njira yoyeretsera filimu yamadzimadzi yothandizidwa ndi laser ili ndi zovuta ziwiri.
Njira yovuta komanso yovuta kuwongolera ndondomekoyi.
Chifukwa cha kugwiritsa ntchito filimu yamadzimadzi, mankhwala a gawo lapansi pambuyo poyeretsa ndi osavuta kusintha ndikupanga zinthu zatsopano.
(1)Njira yoyeretsera mtundu wa laser shock wave
Njira njira ndi limagwirira ndi osiyana kwambiri ndi awiri oyambirira, limagwirira ndi makamaka mantha yoweyula mphamvu kuchotsa, kuyeretsa zinthu makamaka particles, makamaka kuchotsa particles (sub-micron kapena nanoscale). Zofunikira za ndondomeko ndizokhwima kwambiri, kuonetsetsa kuti mphamvu ya ionize mpweya, komanso kusunga mtunda woyenera pakati pa laser ndi gawo lapansi kuonetsetsa kuti zochita pa tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta mphamvuyi ndi zazikulu mokwanira.
Laser shock wave kuyeretsa ndondomeko schematic chithunzi chikuwonetsedwa pansipa, laser kuti ifanane ndi momwe gawo lapansi limawombera, ndipo gawo lapansi silimakumana. Sunthani workpiece kapena mutu wa laser kuti musinthe mawonekedwe a laser ku tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tomwe timapanga laser, chochititsa chidwi cha mpweya wa ionization chidzachitika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mafunde agwedezeke, mafunde akugwedezeka kukukulirakulira kwakukula kozungulira, ndikukulitsa kulumikizana. ndi particles. Pamene mphindi ya yopingasa chigawo chimodzi cha mantha yoweyula pa tinthu ndi wamkulu kuposa mphindi ya kotenga nthawi chigawo ndi tinthu adhesion mphamvu, tinthu adzachotsedwa ndi anagubuduza.
Ukadaulo woyeretsa laser
Laser kuyeretsa limagwirira makamaka zochokera pamwamba pa chinthu pambuyo mayamwidwe laser mphamvu, kapena vaporization ndi volatilization, kapena yomweyo matenthedwe kukula kugonjetsa adsorption wa particles padziko, kuti chinthu kuchokera pamwamba, ndiyeno kukwaniritsa cholinga choyeretsa.
Mwachidule mwachidule monga: 1. laser nthunzi kuwonongeka, 2. laser kuvula, 3. matenthedwe kufutukuka kwa dothi particles, 4. gawo lapansi kugwedera ndi tinthu kugwedera mbali zinayi
Poyerekeza ndi njira yachikhalidwe yoyeretsera, ukadaulo wa laser woyeretsa uli ndi izi.
1. Ndiko kuyeretsa "kowuma", palibe njira yoyeretsera kapena mankhwala ena, ndipo ukhondo ndi wapamwamba kwambiri kuposa njira yoyeretsera mankhwala.
2. Kuchuluka kwa kuchotsedwa kwa dothi ndi gawo la gawo lapansi lomwe likugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi lalikulu kwambiri, ndipo
3. Kupyolera mu lamulo la laser ndondomeko magawo, sangakhoze kuwononga pamwamba pa gawo lapansi pamaziko a kuchotsa kothandiza wa zoipitsa, ndi pamwamba ngati latsopano.
4. Laser kuyeretsa kungakhale mosavuta yodzichitira ntchito.
5. Zida zowonongeka za laser zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kwa nthawi yaitali, zotsika mtengo zogwirira ntchito.
6. Ukadaulo woyeretsa laser ndi: wobiriwira: kuyeretsa, kuchotsa zinyalala ndi ufa wolimba, kukula kochepa, kosavuta kusunga, kwenikweni sikudzawononga chilengedwe.
M'zaka za m'ma 1980, kukula kwachangu kwa mafakitale a semiconductor pamwamba pa tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta silicon wafer mask kuipitsidwa kwaukadaulo woyeretsa kumayika zofunika kwambiri, mfundo yayikulu ndikugonjetsa kuipitsidwa kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono ndi gawo lapansi pakati pa mphamvu yayikulu yotsatsa. , kuyeretsa kwachikhalidwe kwamankhwala, kuyeretsa makina, njira zoyeretsera akupanga sizitha kukwaniritsa zofunikira, ndipo kuyeretsa kwa laser kumatha kuthetsa mavuto okhudzana ndi kuipitsa, kafukufuku wokhudzana ndi ntchito zapangidwa mofulumira.
Mu 1987, kuoneka koyamba kwa ntchito patent pa kuyeretsa laser. M'zaka za m'ma 1990, Zapka adagwiritsa ntchito bwino luso la laser kuyeretsa njira yopangira semiconductor kuti achotse tinthu tating'onoting'ono pamwamba pa chigoba, pozindikira kugwiritsa ntchito koyambirira kwa ukadaulo wa laser woyeretsa m'munda wa mafakitale. 1995, ofufuza adagwiritsa ntchito laser ya 2 kW TEA-CO2 kuti akwaniritse bwino kuyeretsa kochotsa utoto wa fuselage.
Atalowa m'zaka za m'ma 21, ndi chitukuko mkulu-liwiro la kopitilira muyeso- lalifupi kugunda lasers, kafukufuku zoweta ndi akunja ndi kugwiritsa ntchito luso laser kuyeretsa pang'onopang'ono chinawonjezeka, kuyang'ana pamwamba pa zipangizo zitsulo, mmene ntchito yachilendo ndi ndege fuselage utoto kuchotsa, nkhungu. pamwamba degreasing, injini mkati kuchotsa mpweya ndi kuyeretsa pamwamba pa mfundo pamaso kuwotcherera. US Edison Welding Institute laser kuyeretsa FG16 warplane, pamene laser mphamvu 1 kW, kuyeretsa buku la 2,36 cm3 pa mphindi.
Ndikoyenera kutchula kuti kufufuza ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kuchotsa utoto wa laser wa zigawo zapamwamba zamagulu ndi malo otentha kwambiri. The US Navy HG53, HG56 helikoputa propeller masamba ndi F16 womenya ndege mchira lathyathyathya ndi malo ena gulu anazindikira ntchito laser utoto kuchotsa ntchito, pamene zipangizo China mu ntchito ndege mochedwa, kotero kuti kafukufuku kwenikweni ali akusowekapo.
Kuphatikiza apo, kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo woyeretsera laser ku CFRP kuphatikiza mankhwala ophatikizika ophatikizana musanamata kuti muwongolere kulimba kwa olowa nawonso ndichimodzi mwazofufuza zapano. sinthani kampani ya laser ku mzere wopanga magalimoto a Audi TT kuti mupereke zida zoyeretsera za fiber laser kuti ziyeretse pamwamba pa filimu yopepuka ya aluminium alloy door frame oxide. Rolls G Royce UK adagwiritsa ntchito laser kuyeretsa filimu ya okusayidi pamwamba pa titaniyamu aero-injini.
Ukadaulo wotsuka ndi laser wakula mwachangu m'zaka ziwiri zapitazi, kaya ndi njira yoyeretsera laser ndi makina oyeretsera, kufufuza zinthu kapena kugwiritsa ntchito kafukufuku kwapita patsogolo kwambiri. Ukadaulo wotsuka wa laser pambuyo pa kafukufuku wambiri wazongopeka, cholinga cha kafukufuku wake nthawi zonse chimakhala chokondera pakugwiritsa ntchito kafukufuku, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zotsatira zabwino. M'tsogolomu, ukadaulo woyeretsa laser poteteza zikhalidwe zachikhalidwe ndi zojambulajambula zidzagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, ndipo msika wake ndi waukulu kwambiri. Ndi chitukuko cha sayansi ndi ukadaulo, kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo woyeretsa laser m'makampani kukuchitika, ndipo kuchuluka kwa ntchito kukukulirakulira.
Maven laser automation company imayang'ana kwambiri pamakampani a laser kwa zaka 14, timakhazikika pakuyika chizindikiro, tili ndi makina otsuka nduna ya laser, trolley case laser kuyeretsa makina, makina otsuka a chikwama cha laser ndi atatu mu makina otsuka a laser, kuphatikiza, tilinso laser kuwotcherera makina, laser kudula makina ndi laser chodetsa makina makina, ngati mukufuna makina athu, mukhoza kutsatira ife ndi omasuka kulankhula nafe.
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-14-2022
