Kuyerekeza zotsatira za kuwotcherera kwa ma laser okhala ndi ma core diameter osiyanasiyana

Kuwotcherera kwa laserZingatheke pogwiritsa ntchito kuwala kwa laser kopitilira kapena kozungulira.kuwotcherera ndi laserZingagawidwe m'magulu monga welding yoyendetsa kutentha ndi welding yolowera mkati mwa laser. Pamene kuchuluka kwa mphamvu kuli kochepera 104 ~ 105 W / cm2, ndi welding yoyendetsa kutentha. Panthawiyi, kuya kwa kulowa kumakhala kochepa ndipo liwiro la welding limachepa; pamene kuchuluka kwa mphamvu kuli kokulirapo kuposa 105 ~ 107 W / cm2, pamwamba pa chitsulo pamapindika kukhala "mabowo" chifukwa cha kutentha, zomwe zimapangitsa welding yolowera mkati, yomwe ili ndi mawonekedwe a liwiro loyendetsa mofulumira komanso chiŵerengero chachikulu cha mbali. Mfundo ya kutentha kwa kutenthakuwotcherera ndi laserndi: kuwala kwa laser kumatenthetsa pamwamba kuti pakonzedwe, ndipo kutentha kwa pamwamba kumafalikira mkati mwa kutentha kudzera mu conduction. Mwa kuwongolera magawo a laser monga m'lifupi mwa laser pulse, mphamvu, mphamvu ya peak, ndi mafupipafupi obwerezabwereza, workpiece imasungunuka kuti ipange dziwe linalake losungunuka.

Kuwotcherera kozama kwa laser nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsa ntchito kuwala kwa laser kosalekeza kuti kumalize kulumikizana kwa zinthu. Njira yake yachilengedwe yachitsulo imafanana kwambiri ndi yowotcherera kuwala kwa ma elekitironi, ndiko kuti, njira yosinthira mphamvu imatsirizidwa kudzera mu kapangidwe ka "key-bowo".

Pansi pa kuwala kwa laser ndi mphamvu yokwanira, zinthuzo zimasanduka nthunzi ndipo mabowo ang'onoang'ono amapangidwa. Bowo laling'ono ili lodzazidwa ndi nthunzi lili ngati thupi lakuda, lomwe limayamwa pafupifupi mphamvu yonse ya kuwala kwa ngozi. Kutentha kofanana mu dzenjelo kumafika pafupifupi 2500°C. Kutentha kumasamutsidwa kuchokera ku khoma lakunja la dzenje lotentha kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chitsulo chozungulira dzenjelo chisungunuke. Dzenje laling'ono limadzazidwa ndi nthunzi yotentha kwambiri yomwe imapangidwa ndi kutuluka kwa zinthu za pakhoma mosalekeza pansi pa kuwala kwa mtengo. Makoma a dzenje laling'ono amazunguliridwa ndi chitsulo chosungunuka, ndipo chitsulo chamadzimadzi chimazunguliridwa ndi zinthu zolimba (mu njira zambiri zowotcherera ndi kuwotcherera kwa laser, mphamvuyo imayikidwa poyamba pamwamba pa workpiece kenako nkunyamulidwa kupita mkati mwa kusamutsa). Kuyenda kwa madzi kunja kwa khoma la dzenje ndi mphamvu ya pamwamba ya khoma kumakhala mu gawo limodzi ndi kupanikizika kwa nthunzi komwe kumapangidwa mosalekeza m'dzenje ndipo kumasunga bwino mphamvu. Dzenje lowala limalowa mosalekeza m'dzenje laling'ono, ndipo zinthu zomwe zili kunja kwa dzenje laling'ono zikuyenda mosalekeza. Pamene kuwala kukuyenda, dzenje laling'ono nthawi zonse limakhala lokhazikika.

Ndiko kuti, dzenje laling'ono ndi chitsulo chosungunuka chozungulira khoma la dzenjelo zimapita patsogolo ndi liwiro la kutsogolo kwa chitsulo choyendetsa. Chitsulo chosungunukacho chimadzaza mpata wotsala dzenje laling'ono litachotsedwa ndipo chimauma moyenerera, ndipo weld imapangidwa. Zonsezi zimachitika mwachangu kwambiri kotero kuti liwiro la welding limatha kufika mamita angapo pamphindi.

Pambuyo pomvetsetsa mfundo zoyambira za kuchuluka kwa mphamvu, kuwotcherera kwa kutentha, ndi kuwotcherera kozama, tidzachita kusanthula koyerekeza kwa kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ndi magawo a metallographic a mainchesi osiyanasiyana apakati.

Kuyerekeza kwa zoyeserera zowotcherera kutengera ma diameter wamba a laser core pamsika:

Kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya malo ofunikira a lasers okhala ndi ma diameter osiyanasiyana apakati

Kuchokera pakuwona kuchuluka kwa mphamvu, pansi pa mphamvu yomweyo, kukula kwa pakati kumakhala kochepa, kuwala kwa laser kumakhala kwakukulu komanso mphamvu zimakhala zolimba. Ngati laser ikuyerekezeredwa ndi mpeni wakuthwa, kukula kwa pakati kumakhala kochepa, kuwala kwa laser kumakhala kwakukulu. Kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya laser ya 14um core diameter ndi kopitilira nthawi 50 kuposa kwa laser ya 100um core diameter, ndipo mphamvu yokonza imakhala yolimba. Nthawi yomweyo, kuchuluka kwa mphamvu komwe kwawerengedwa pano ndi kuchuluka kwapakati. Kugawa mphamvu kwenikweni ndi kugawa kwa Gaussian, ndipo mphamvu yapakati idzakhala kangapo kuposa kuchuluka kwa mphamvu yapakati.

Chithunzi chojambula cha kugawa mphamvu ya laser ndi ma diameter osiyanasiyana apakati

Mtundu wa chithunzi chogawa mphamvu ndi kugawa mphamvu. Mtundu ukakhala wofiira kwambiri, mphamvu imakhala yokwera. Mphamvu yofiira ndi malo omwe mphamvu imakhala yowunjikana. Kudzera mu kugawa mphamvu ya laser ya ma laser okhala ndi ma core diameter osiyanasiyana, zitha kuwoneka kuti kutsogolo kwa laser sikwakuthwa ndipo laser ndi yakuthwa. Mphamvu ikachepa, imakhala yowunjikana kwambiri pamalo amodzi, imakhala yakuthwa kwambiri ndipo mphamvu yake imalowa kwambiri.

Kuyerekeza zotsatira za kuwotcherera kwa ma laser okhala ndi ma core diameter osiyanasiyana

Kuyerekeza kwa ma laser okhala ndi ma core diameter osiyanasiyana:

(1) Kuyeseraku kumagwiritsa ntchito liwiro la 150mm/s, kulumikiza malo olunjika, ndipo zinthuzo ndi aluminiyamu imodzi, makulidwe a 2mm;

(2) Kukula kwa m'mimba mwake wa pakati, kukula kwa kusungunuka kumakhala kwakukulu, malo omwe akukhudzidwa ndi kutentha amakhala akulu, komanso mphamvu ya unit imakhala yochepa. Pamene m'mimba mwake wa pakati ukupitirira 200um, sikophweka kupeza kuzama kolowera pa ma alloys amphamvu monga aluminiyamu ndi mkuwa, ndipo kulowetsa kwa Deep penetration kwambiri kumatha kuchitika kokha ndi mphamvu yayikulu;

(3) Ma laser ang'onoang'ono ali ndi mphamvu zambiri ndipo amatha kubowola makiyi mwachangu pamwamba pa zinthu zomwe zili ndi mphamvu zambiri komanso madera ang'onoang'ono omwe amakhudzidwa ndi kutentha. Komabe, nthawi yomweyo, pamwamba pa weld ndi paukali, ndipo mwayi woti makiyi agwe ndi wokwera panthawi yowelda yothamanga kwambiri, ndipo keyboo imatsekedwa panthawi yowelda. Nthawiyi ndi yayitali, ndipo zolakwika monga zolakwika ndi ma pores zimatha kuchitika. Ndi yoyenera kukonza kapena kukonza mwachangu ndi njira yozungulira;

(4) Ma laser akuluakulu okhala ndi mainchesi awiri ali ndi madontho akuluakulu a kuwala komanso mphamvu zambiri zofalikira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zoyenera kwambiri pakusungunula, kuphimba, kuyika zinthu ndi njira zina.