Mabatire a lithiamu okhala ndi chipolopolo cha aluminiyamu ali ndi zabwino zambiri monga kapangidwe kosavuta, kukana kugwedezeka bwino, mphamvu zambiri, komanso mphamvu yayikulu ya maselo. Nthawi zonse akhala njira yayikulu yopangira ndi kukulitsa mabatire a lithiamu m'nyumba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti msika ukhale woposa 40%.
Kapangidwe ka batire ya lithiamu ya chipolopolo cha aluminiyamu yozungulira ndi monga momwe zasonyezedwera pachithunzichi, chomwe chimapangidwa ndi pakati pa batire (mapepala abwino ndi oipa a electrode, olekanitsa), electrolyte, chipolopolo, chivundikiro chapamwamba ndi zigawo zina.
Kapangidwe ka batri ya lithiamu ya aluminiyamu yozungulira
Pa nthawi yopanga ndi kusonkhanitsa mabatire a lithiamu okhala ndi chipolopolo cha aluminiyamu, mabatire ambiri a lithiamu amapangidwa.kuwotcherera ndi laserNjira zofunika ndi monga: kuwotcherera zolumikizira zofewa za mabatire ndi mbale zophimba, kuwotcherera mbale zophimba, kuwotcherera misomali, ndi zina zotero. Kuwotcherera ndi laser ndiyo njira yayikulu yowotcherera mabatire amphamvu. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mphamvu, kukhazikika kwa mphamvu, kulondola kwambiri kwa kuwotcherera, kuphatikiza kosavuta komanso zabwino zina zambiri,kuwotcherera ndi laserSichingasinthidwe popanga mabatire a lithiamu a prismatic aluminium shell shell.
Nsanja ya Maven 4-axis yodziyimira yokha ya galvanometermakina owotcherera a laser a fiber
Msoko wowotcherera wa chivundikiro chapamwamba ndiye msoko wautali kwambiri wowotcherera mu batire ya aluminiyamu, ndipo ndi msoko wowotcherera womwe umatenga nthawi yayitali kwambiri kuwotcherera. M'zaka zaposachedwa, makampani opanga mabatire a lithiamu apita patsogolo mwachangu, ndipo ukadaulo wowotcherera wa laser wophimba chivundikiro chapamwamba komanso ukadaulo wake wa zida nawonso wapita patsogolo mwachangu. Kutengera liwiro losiyana la kuwotcherera ndi magwiridwe antchito a zida, timagawa zida ndi njira zowotcherera za laser zophimba pamwamba m'magawo atatu. Ndi nthawi ya 1.0 (2015-2017) yokhala ndi liwiro lowotcherera <100mm/s, nthawi ya 2.0 (2017-2018) yokhala ndi 100-200mm/s, ndi nthawi ya 3.0 (2019-) yokhala ndi 200-300mm/s. Zotsatirazi zikuwonetsa chitukuko cha ukadaulo panthawiyo:
1. Nthawi ya 1.0 ya ukadaulo wowotcherera wa laser wophimba pamwamba
Liwiro la kuwotcherera＜100mm/s
Kuyambira 2015 mpaka 2017, magalimoto atsopano amphamvu m'dziko anayamba kuphulika chifukwa cha mfundo, ndipo makampani opanga mabatire amphamvu anayamba kukula. Komabe, kuchuluka kwa ukadaulo ndi luso la makampani am'nyumba akadali ochepa. Njira zogwirira ntchito zopangira mabatire ndi ukadaulo wa zida nawonso ali aang'ono, ndipo kuchuluka kwa makina odzipangira okha zida Pokhala otsika kwambiri, opanga zida ayamba kungoyang'ana kwambiri kupanga mabatire amphamvu ndikuwonjezera ndalama mu kafukufuku ndi chitukuko. Pakadali pano, zofunikira pakupanga bwino kwa makampani pazida zotsekera laser ya batire lalikulu nthawi zambiri zimakhala 6-10PPM. Yankho la zida nthawi zambiri limagwiritsa ntchito laser ya fiber ya 1kw kuti itulutse kudzera mu waya wamba.mutu wowotcherera wa laser(monga momwe zasonyezedwera pachithunzichi), ndipo mutu wowotcherera umayendetsedwa ndi mota ya servo platform kapena mota yolunjika. Kuyenda ndi kuwotcherera, liwiro lowotcherera ndi 50-100mm/s.
Kugwiritsa ntchito laser ya 1kw kusungunula chivundikiro cha batri
Mukuwotcherera ndi laserNjira yogwiritsira ntchito, chifukwa cha liwiro lochepa la kuwotcherera komanso nthawi yayitali ya kutentha kwa weld, dziwe losungunuka lili ndi nthawi yokwanira yoyenda ndikulimba, ndipo mpweya woteteza ukhoza kuphimba bwino dziwe losungunuka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kupeza malo osalala komanso odzaza, ma weld okhala ndi kusinthasintha kwabwino, monga momwe tawonetsera pansipa.
Kupanga msoko wothira chivundikiro chapamwamba pogwiritsa ntchito liwiro lochepa
Ponena za zida, ngakhale kuti kupanga sikuli bwino kwambiri, kapangidwe ka zida ndi kosavuta, kukhazikika kwake kuli bwino, ndipo mtengo wa zida ndi wotsika, zomwe zimakwaniritsa zosowa za chitukuko cha mafakitale panthawiyi ndikuyika maziko a chitukuko chaukadaulo chotsatira.
Ngakhale kuti nthawi ya 1.0 yophimba chivundikiro chapamwamba ili ndi ubwino wa njira yosavuta yothetsera zida, mtengo wotsika, komanso kukhazikika bwino. Koma zofooka zake ndizodziwikiratu. Ponena za zida, mphamvu yoyendetsera injini singathe kukwaniritsa kufunikira kowonjezera liwiro; pankhani ya ukadaulo, kungowonjezera liwiro la welding ndi kutulutsa mphamvu ya laser kuti ipititse patsogolo kungayambitse kusakhazikika kwa njira yowelding ndikuchepetsa zokolola: kuwonjezeka kwa liwiro kumafupikitsa nthawi yozungulira kutentha kwa welding, ndipo chitsulocho chimasungunuka kwambiri, kufalikira kwa madzi kumawonjezeka, kusinthasintha kuzinthu zonyansa kudzakhala koipa kwambiri, ndipo mabowo amadzimadzi amatha kupangika. Nthawi yomweyo, nthawi yolimba ya dziwe losungunuka imafupikitsidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pamwamba pa weld pakhale poyipa komanso kusasinthasintha kuchepe. Pamene malo a laser ali ochepa, kutentha sikokwanira ndipo kufalikira kwa madzi kumatha kuchepetsedwa, koma chiŵerengero cha kuya ndi m'lifupi cha weld ndi chachikulu ndipo m'lifupi mwa weld sikokwanira; pamene malo a laser ndi akulu, mphamvu yayikulu ya laser iyenera kulowetsedwa kuti iwonjezere m'lifupi mwa weld. Yaikulu, koma nthawi yomweyo imabweretsa kuchulukira kwa kutayikira kwa welding ndi khalidwe loipa la weld. Pansi pa luso pa siteji iyi, kufulumizitsa kwina kumatanthauza kuti phindu liyenera kusinthidwa kuti ligwire bwino ntchito, ndipo zofunikira pakukweza zida ndi ukadaulo wa njira zakhala zofunikira kwambiri m'makampani.
2. Nthawi ya 2.0 ya chivundikiro chapamwambakuwotcherera ndi laserukadaulo
Liwiro la kuwotcherera 200mm/s
Mu 2016, mphamvu ya mabatire amagetsi a magalimoto ku China inali pafupifupi 30.8GWh, mu 2017 inali pafupifupi 36GWh, ndipo mu 2018, yomwe inayambitsa kuphulika kwina, mphamvu yoyikidwayo inafika 57GWh, kuwonjezeka kwa chaka ndi chaka kwa 57%. Magalimoto atsopano okwera nawonso adapanga pafupifupi miliyoni imodzi, kuwonjezeka kwa chaka ndi chaka kwa 80.7%. Kumbuyo kwa kuphulika kwa mphamvu yoyikidwayo ndi kutulutsa mphamvu yopangira mabatire a lithiamu. Mabatire a magalimoto atsopano okwera ndi oposa 50% ya mphamvu yoyikidwayo, zomwe zikutanthauzanso kuti zofunikira zamakampani pakugwira ntchito bwino kwa batire ndi khalidwe lake zidzakhala zovuta kwambiri, ndipo kusintha komwe kumabwera chifukwa cha ukadaulo wa zida zopangira ndi ukadaulo wa Process kwalowanso munthawi yatsopano: kuti akwaniritse zofunikira za mphamvu yopangira imodzi, mphamvu yopangira zida zolumikizira laser zophimba pamwamba iyenera kuwonjezeredwa kufika pa 15-20PPM, ndipokuwotcherera ndi laserLiwiro liyenera kufika pa 150-200mm/s. Chifukwa chake, pankhani ya ma drive motors, opanga zida zosiyanasiyana ali ndi Pulatifomu yamagetsi yolunjika yasinthidwa kotero kuti njira yake yoyendera ikwaniritse zofunikira pakuyendetsa kwa rectangle trajectory 200mm/s yunifolomu yolumikizira liwiro; komabe, momwe mungatsimikizire kuti kuwotcherera kuli bwino pansi pa high-speed welding kumafuna kupita patsogolo kwina, ndipo makampani mumakampani achita kafukufuku ndi maphunziro ambiri: Poyerekeza ndi nthawi ya 1.0, vuto lomwe likukumana ndi high-speed welding mu nthawi ya 2.0 ndi: kugwiritsa ntchito ma fiber laser wamba kutulutsa gwero limodzi la kuwala kudzera m'mitu yanthawi zonse yowotcherera, kusankhako n'kovuta kukwaniritsa zofunikira za 200mm/s.
Mu njira yoyambirira yaukadaulo, mphamvu yopangira welding ingathe kulamulidwa kokha mwa kukonza njira, kusintha kukula kwa malo, ndikusintha magawo oyambira monga mphamvu ya laser: mukagwiritsa ntchito kasinthidwe ka malo ocheperako, dziwe lolowera lidzakhala laling'ono, mawonekedwe a dziwe lolowera lidzakhala losakhazikika, ndipo welding idzakhala yosakhazikika. Kupingasa kwa msoko kumakhala kochepa; mukagwiritsa ntchito kasinthidwe ka malo owunikira akuluakulu, dziwe lolowera lidzawonjezeka, koma mphamvu yolowera idzawonjezeka kwambiri, ndipo kuchuluka kwa mabowo otuluka kudzawonjezeka kwambiri.
Mwachidziwitso, ngati mukufuna kuonetsetsa kuti weld imapanga mphamvu ya liwiro lalikulukuwotcherera ndi laserPa chivundikiro chapamwamba, muyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira izi:
① Msoko wowotcherera uli ndi m'lifupi wokwanira ndipo chiŵerengero cha kuya kwa msoko wowotcherera ndi chokwanira, zomwe zimafuna kuti kutentha kwa gwero la kuwala kukhale kwakukulu mokwanira ndipo mphamvu ya mzere wowotcherera ili mkati mwa malire oyenera;
② Chotchingiracho chimakhala chosalala, zomwe zimafuna kuti nthawi yotenthetsera ya chotchingiracho ikhale yayitali mokwanira panthawi yotchingira kuti dziwe losungunuka likhale ndi madzi okwanira, ndipo chotchingiracho chimalimba kukhala chotchingira chachitsulo chosalala pansi pa chitetezo cha mpweya woteteza;
③ Msoko wa weld uli ndi kusinthasintha kwabwino komanso ma pores ndi mabowo ochepa. Izi zimafuna kuti panthawi yowotcherera, laser imagwira ntchito mokhazikika pa workpiece, ndipo plasma yamphamvu kwambiri imapangidwa mosalekeza ndikugwira ntchito mkati mwa dziwe losungunuka. Dziwe losungunuka limapanga "kiyi" pansi pa mphamvu ya plasma reaction. "dzenje", keybowo ndi yayikulu mokwanira komanso yokhazikika mokwanira, kotero kuti nthunzi yachitsulo yopangidwa ndi plasma sizimavuta kutulutsa ndikutulutsa madontho achitsulo, ndikupanga ma splashes, ndipo dziwe losungunuka lozungulira keybowo silimavuta kugwa ndikukhudza mpweya. Ngakhale zinthu zakunja zitatenthedwa panthawi yowotcherera ndipo mpweya umatulutsidwa mwachangu, keybowo lalikulu limakhala lothandiza kwambiri kutulutsa mpweya wophulika ndikuchepetsa madontho achitsulo ndi mabowo opangidwa.
Poyankha mfundo zomwe zili pamwambapa, makampani opanga mabatire ndi makampani opanga zida m'makampaniwa ayesa njira zosiyanasiyana: Kupanga mabatire a lithiamu kwapangidwa ku Japan kwa zaka zambiri, ndipo ukadaulo wofanana ndi wopanga watsogola.
Mu 2004, pamene ukadaulo wa fiber laser sunagwiritsidwe ntchito kwambiri pamalonda, Panasonic idagwiritsa ntchito ma laser a LD semiconductor ndi ma laser a YAG opompedwa ndi nyali kuti apange zotulutsa zosiyanasiyana (chiwembuchi chikuwonetsedwa pachithunzi chili pansipa).
Chithunzi cha njira yogwiritsira ntchito ukadaulo wowotcherera wa multi-laser hybrid ndi kapangidwe ka mutu wowotcherera
Malo owala amphamvu kwambiri opangidwa ndi pulsedlaser ya YAGPogwiritsa ntchito malo ang'onoang'ono, chipangizocho chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga mabowo olumikizira kuti chilowetsedwe bwino. Nthawi yomweyo, laser ya semiconductor ya LD imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupereka laser yopitilira ya CW kuti itenthetse ndikulumikiza chipangizocho. Dziwe losungunuka panthawi yolumikizira limapereka mphamvu zambiri kuti lipeze mabowo akuluakulu olumikizira, kuwonjezera m'lifupi mwa msoko wolumikizira, ndikuwonjezera nthawi yotseka mabowo olumikizira, kuthandiza mpweya mu dziwe losungunuka kutuluka ndikuchepetsa porosity ya msoko wolumikizira, monga momwe tawonetsera pansipa.
Chithunzi chojambula cha wosakanizidwakuwotcherera ndi laser
Pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo uwu,Ma laser a YAGndipo ma laser a LD okhala ndi mphamvu ya ma watts mazana ochepa okha angagwiritsidwe ntchito kulumikiza mabatire a lithiamu opyapyala pa liwiro la 80mm/s. Zotsatira za kulumikiza zili monga momwe zasonyezedwera pachithunzichi.
Mawonekedwe a weld pansi pa magawo osiyanasiyana a ndondomeko
Ndi chitukuko ndi kukwera kwa ma fiber laser, ma fiber laser pang'onopang'ono asintha ma pulsed YAG lasers mu laser metal processing chifukwa cha zabwino zake zambiri monga ubwino wabwino wa beam, high photoelectric conversion efficiency, nthawi yayitali, kusamalitsa kosavuta, komanso mphamvu zambiri.
Chifukwa chake, kuphatikiza kwa laser mu yankho la laser hybrid welding lomwe lili pamwambapa kwasanduka laser ya fiber laser + LD semiconductor, ndipo laser imatulutsidwanso kudzera mu mutu wapadera wopangira (mutu wowotcherera wawonetsedwa pa Chithunzi 7). Panthawi yowotcherera, njira yogwirira ntchito ya laser ndi yomweyo.
Cholumikizira cholumikizira cha laser chophatikizana
Mu dongosolo ili, mphamvulaser ya YAGimalowedwa m'malo ndi laser ya ulusi yokhala ndi kuwala kwabwino, mphamvu yayikulu, komanso kutulutsa kosalekeza, komwe kumawonjezera kwambiri liwiro la kuwotcherera ndikupeza mtundu wabwino wa kuwotcherera (zotsatira za kuwotcherera zikuwonetsedwa pa Chithunzi 8). Dongosolo ili nalonso, limakondedwa ndi makasitomala ena. Pakadali pano, yankho ili lagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga kuwotcherera kwa batire yamagetsi, ndipo limatha kufika pa liwiro la kuwotcherera la 200mm/s.
Kuwoneka kwa weld ya chivundikiro chapamwamba pogwiritsa ntchito weld ya laser yosakanikirana
Ngakhale kuti njira yolumikizira laser yokhala ndi mafunde awiri imathetsa kukhazikika kwa weld ya welding yachangu kwambiri ndikukwaniritsa zofunikira za weld ya welding yachangu kwambiri ya zivundikiro za batri, pali mavuto ena ndi yankho ili poganizira zida ndi njira.
Choyamba, zida za hardware za yankho ili ndi zovuta kwambiri, zomwe zimafuna kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu iwiri yosiyana ya ma laser ndi maulumikizidwe apadera a laser okhala ndi mafunde awiri, zomwe zimawonjezera ndalama zogulira zida, zimawonjezera zovuta pakukonza zida, komanso zimawonjezera malo omwe zida zingawonongeke;
Chachiwiri, kutalika kwa mafunde awirikuwotcherera ndi laserCholumikizira chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito chimapangidwa ndi magalasi angapo (onani Chithunzi 4). Kutayika kwa mphamvu kumakhala kwakukulu kuposa kwa zolumikizira wamba zolumikizira, ndipo malo a lenzi amafunika kusinthidwa kukhala malo oyenera kuti zitsimikizire kutulutsa kwa coaxial kwa laser ya dual-wavelength. Ndipo poyang'ana kwambiri pa focal plane yokhazikika, ntchito yachangu kwambiri kwa nthawi yayitali, malo a lenzi amatha kumasuka, zomwe zimapangitsa kusintha kwa njira yowunikira ndikukhudza mtundu wa zolumikizira, zomwe zimafuna kusinthidwanso ndi manja;
Chachitatu, panthawi yowotcherera, kuwala kwa laser kumakhala kwakukulu ndipo kumatha kuwononga mosavuta zida ndi zida zina. Makamaka pokonza zinthu zolakwika, pamwamba pa weld yosalala imawonetsa kuwala kwakukulu kwa laser, komwe kungayambitse alamu ya laser mosavuta, ndipo magawo ogwirira ntchito amafunika kusinthidwa kuti akonze.
Kuti tithetse mavuto omwe ali pamwambapa, tiyenera kupeza njira ina yofufuzira. Mu 2017-2018, tinaphunzira za kusintha kwa ma frequency apamwambakuwotcherera ndi laserukadaulo wa chivundikiro cha batri ndikuchilimbikitsa kuti chigwiritsidwe ntchito popanga. Kuwotcherera kwa swing kwa laser beam high-frequency (komwe kumatchedwa swing welding) ndi njira ina yowotcherera yachangu ya 200mm/s.
Poyerekeza ndi njira yolumikizira laser yosakanikirana, gawo la zida za yankholi limangofunika laser wamba wa ulusi wophatikizidwa ndi mutu wolumikizira laser wozungulira.
mutu wowotcherera wogwedezeka
Pali lenzi yowunikira yoyendetsedwa ndi mota mkati mwa mutu wa welding, yomwe imatha kukonzedwa kuti ilamulire laser kuti izungulire malinga ndi mtundu wa trajectory womwe wapangidwira (nthawi zambiri wozungulira, wooneka ngati S, wooneka ngati 8, ndi zina zotero), kukula kwa swing ndi ma frequency. Magawo osiyanasiyana a swing angapangitse welding cross section kukhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana komanso kukula kosiyana.
Ma weld opezeka pansi pa njira zosiyanasiyana zozungulira
Mutu wothira ma swing wothamanga kwambiri umayendetsedwa ndi mota yolunjika kuti ulumikize pakati pa malo ogwirira ntchito. Malinga ndi makulidwe a khoma la chipolopolo cha selo, mtundu woyenera wa swing trajectory ndi amplitude zimasankhidwa. Pakuthira ma swing, static laser beam imangopanga gawo lofanana ndi V. Komabe, loyendetsedwa ndi mutu wothira ma swing, beam spot imasinthasintha mofulumira kwambiri pa focal plane, ndikupanga keyboo yothira ma swing yosinthasintha komanso yozungulira, yomwe ingapeze chiŵerengero choyenera cha weld kuya ndi m'lifupi;
Bowo la makiyi ozungulira olumikizirana limayambitsa weld. Kumbali imodzi, limathandiza mpweya kutuluka ndikuchepetsa ma pores a weld, ndipo limakhudza kukonza mabowo a pinbowo pamalo ophulika a weld (onani Chithunzi 12). Kumbali ina, chitsulo cholumikizirana chimatenthedwa ndikuziziritsidwa mwadongosolo. Kuyenda kwa madzi kumapangitsa kuti pamwamba pa weld pawoneke ngati patani yokhazikika komanso yolongosoka ya nsomba.
Kuluka kuwotcherera msoko kupanga
Kusinthasintha kwa ma welds kuti aipitse utoto pansi pa magawo osiyanasiyana a swing
Mfundo zomwe zili pamwambapa zikukwaniritsa zofunikira zitatu zofunika kwambiri pakuwotcherera chivundikiro chapamwamba mwachangu. Yankho ili lili ndi zabwino zina:
① Popeza mphamvu zambiri za laser zimalowetsedwa mu keybool yamphamvu, laser yobalalika yakunja imachepa, kotero mphamvu yochepa ya laser yokha ndiyofunika, ndipo kutentha kwa welding kumakhala kochepa (30% yocheperako kuposa welding yophatikizika), zomwe zimachepetsa kutayika kwa zida ndi kutayika kwa mphamvu;
② Njira yolumikizira yozungulira imakhala yogwirizana kwambiri ndi mtundu wa zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu ndipo imachepetsa zolakwika zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha mavuto monga masitepe opangira zinthu;
③Njira yolumikizira yozungulira imakonza mabowo olumikizira, ndipo kuchuluka kwa zokolola pogwiritsa ntchito njira iyi kukonza mabowo olumikizira pakati pa batri ndi kwakukulu kwambiri;
④Dongosololi ndi losavuta, ndipo kukonza ndi kukonza zida n'kosavuta.
3. Nthawi ya 3.0 ya ukadaulo wowotcherera wa laser wophimba pamwamba
Liwiro lowotcherera 300mm/s
Pamene thandizo latsopano la mphamvu likupitirira kuchepa, pafupifupi unyolo wonse wa mafakitale opanga mabatire wagwa m'nyanja yofiira. Makampaniwa nawonso alowa mu nthawi yosintha, ndipo chiwerengero cha makampani otsogola omwe ali ndi ubwino waukulu komanso waukadaulo chawonjezeka kwambiri. Koma nthawi yomweyo, "kukweza khalidwe, kuchepetsa ndalama, ndi kuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito" kudzakhala mutu waukulu wa makampani ambiri.
Mu nthawi yomwe ndalama zothandizira zimakhala zochepa kapena sizikupezeka, ndi pokhapokha ngati titapeza njira zatsopano zosinthira ukadaulo, kupanga bwino kwambiri, kuchepetsa mtengo wopanga batire imodzi, komanso kukonza khalidwe la chinthu, ndi pomwe tingakhale ndi mwayi wopambana mpikisano.
Han's Laser ikupitilizabe kuyika ndalama mu kafukufuku pa ukadaulo wowotcherera mwachangu kwambiri wa zivundikiro za batri. Kuwonjezera pa njira zingapo zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa, imaphunziranso ukadaulo wapamwamba monga ukadaulo wowotcherera wa annular spot laser ndi ukadaulo wowotcherera wa laser wa galvanometer wa zivundikiro za batri.
Pofuna kupititsa patsogolo ntchito yopangira, fufuzani ukadaulo wowotcherera chivundikiro chapamwamba pa 300mm/s ndi liwiro lapamwamba. Han's Laser adaphunzira kusanthula kutseka kwa galvanometer laser mu 2017-2018, kudutsa zovuta zaukadaulo zoteteza mpweya wa workpiece panthawi yowotcherera galvanometer komanso kupanga bwino pamwamba pa weld, ndikukwaniritsa 400-500mm/s.kuwotcherera ndi lasercha chivundikiro cha pamwamba pa selo. Kuwotcherera kumatenga sekondi imodzi yokha pa batire ya 26148.
Komabe, chifukwa cha luso lapamwamba, n'kovuta kwambiri kupanga zida zothandizira zomwe zimagwirizana ndi luso lapamwamba, ndipo mtengo wa zidazo ndi wokwera. Chifukwa chake, palibe njira ina yowonjezerera ntchito yogulitsa yomwe idachitika pa yankho ili.
Ndi chitukuko china chalaser ya ulusiukadaulo, ma laser atsopano amphamvu kwambiri omwe amatha kutulutsa mwachindunji madontho owala ngati mphete ayambitsidwa. Mtundu uwu wa laser ukhoza kutulutsa madontho a laser a point-ring kudzera mu ulusi wapadera wa multi-layer optical, ndipo mawonekedwe a malo ndi kugawa kwa mphamvu zitha kusinthidwa, monga momwe zasonyezedwera pachithunzichi.
Ma weld opezeka pansi pa njira zosiyanasiyana zozungulira
Kupyolera mu kusintha, kugawa mphamvu ya laser kungapangidwe kukhala mawonekedwe a spot-donut-tophat. Mtundu uwu wa laser umatchedwa Corona, monga momwe chithunzichi chikusonyezera.
Kuwala kwa laser komwe kungasinthidwe (motsatana: kuwala kwapakati, kuwala kwapakati + kuwala kwa mphete, kuwala kwa mphete, magetsi awiri ozungulira)
Mu 2018, kugwiritsa ntchito ma laser angapo amtunduwu pakulumikiza zivundikiro za aluminiyamu shell battery cell top kunayesedwa, ndipo kutengera ndi Corona laser, kafukufuku pa njira yaukadaulo wa 3.0 process yolumikizira laser ya zivundikiro za battery cell top adayambitsidwa. Pamene Corona laser ikuchita output ya point-ring mode, mphamvu ya distribution ya output beam yake imafanana ndi composite output ya semiconductor + fiber laser.
Panthawi yothira, kuwala kwapakati komwe kuli ndi mphamvu zambiri kumapanga dzenje la makiyi kuti kulowetsedwe kozama kuti kulowetsedwe kokwanira (mofanana ndi kutulutsa kwa laser ya ulusi mu yankho la hybrid welding), ndipo kuwala kwa mphete kumapereka kutentha kwakukulu, kukulitsa dzenje la makiyi, kuchepetsa mphamvu ya nthunzi yachitsulo ndi plasma pa chitsulo chamadzimadzi m'mphepete mwa dzenje la makiyi, kuchepetsa kufalikira kwa chitsulo komwe kumachitika, ndikuwonjezera nthawi ya kutentha kwa weld, kuthandiza mpweya mu dziwe losungunuka kutuluka kwa nthawi yayitali, kukonza kukhazikika kwa njira zothira makiyi mwachangu (mofanana ndi kutulutsa kwa ma laser a semiconductor mu mayankho a hybrid welding).
Mu mayesowa, tinalumikiza mabatire a chipolopolo okhala ndi makoma ochepa ndipo tinapeza kuti kukula kwa weld kunali bwino komanso kuthekera kwa CPK kunali bwino, monga momwe zasonyezedwera pa Chithunzi 18.
Mawonekedwe a chowotcherera cha batire pamwamba pa chivundikiro chokhala ndi makulidwe a khoma 0.8mm (liwiro lowotcherera 300mm/s)
Ponena za zida, mosiyana ndi njira yolumikizira yolumikizira yosakanikirana, njira iyi ndi yosavuta ndipo siifuna ma laser awiri kapena mutu wapadera wolumikizira wosakanikirana. Imangofunika mutu wamba wolumikizira wa laser wamphamvu kwambiri (popeza ulusi umodzi wowala umatulutsa laser imodzi ya wavelength, kapangidwe ka lenzi ndi kosavuta, sikufunika kusintha, ndipo kutaya mphamvu kumakhala kochepa), zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kukonza ndikusamalira, ndipo kukhazikika kwa zida kumawonjezeka kwambiri.
Kuwonjezera pa njira yosavuta yothetsera mavuto a hardware komanso kukwaniritsa zofunikira pakuwotcherera mwachangu kwambiri kwa chivundikiro cha batri, yankho ili lili ndi zabwino zina pakugwiritsa ntchito njira.
Mu mayesowa, tinalumikiza chivundikiro cha batri pamwamba pa liwiro la 300mm/s, ndipo tinapezabe zotsatira zabwino zolumikizira msoko. Komanso, pa zipolopolo zokhala ndi makulidwe osiyanasiyana a khoma a 0.4, 0.6, ndi 0.8mm, pokhapokha posintha njira yotulutsira laser, kuwotcherera kwabwino kumatha kuchitika. Komabe, pa njira zolumikizirana za laser hybrid zolumikizira ziwiri, ndikofunikira kusintha mawonekedwe a kuwala kwa mutu wowotcherera kapena laser, zomwe zimabweretsa ndalama zambiri pazida komanso nthawi yokonza zolakwika.
Chifukwa chake, malo ozungulirakuwotcherera ndi laserNjira yothetsera vutoli sikuti imangopangitsa kuti mabatire amphamvu azigwiritsidwa ntchito mwachangu kwambiri komanso kuti iwonjezere mphamvu ya mabatire. Kwa makampani opanga mabatire omwe amafunikira kusintha kwa ma model pafupipafupi, njira imeneyi ingathandizenso kwambiri kukonza bwino zida ndi zinthu, kuchepetsa kusintha kwa ma model komanso nthawi yokonza zolakwika.
Mawonekedwe a chowotcherera cha batire pamwamba pa chivundikiro chokhala ndi makulidwe a khoma 0.4mm (liwiro lowotcherera 300mm/s)
Mawonekedwe a chowotcherera cha batire pamwamba pa chivundikiro chokhala ndi makulidwe a khoma 0.6mm (liwiro lowotcherera 300mm/s)
Kulowa kwa Corona Laser Weld kwa Kuwotcherera Maselo Opyapyala - Kuthekera kwa Njira
Kuwonjezera pa laser ya Corona yomwe yatchulidwa pamwambapa, ma laser a AMB ndi ma laser a ARM ali ndi mawonekedwe ofanana otulutsa kuwala ndipo angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuthetsa mavuto monga kukonza kufalikira kwa laser weld, kukonza ubwino wa weld pamwamba, komanso kukonza kukhazikika kwa welding mwachangu.
4. Chidule
Mayankho osiyanasiyana omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zenizeni ndi makampani opanga mabatire a lithiamu m'dziko ndi kunja. Chifukwa cha nthawi yosiyana yopangira komanso ukadaulo wosiyanasiyana, njira zosiyanasiyana zogwirira ntchito zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mumakampani, koma makampani ali ndi zofunikira zapamwamba kuti agwire bwino ntchito komanso akhale ndi khalidwe labwino. Zikusintha nthawi zonse, ndipo ukadaulo watsopano udzagwiritsidwa ntchito posachedwa ndi makampani omwe ali patsogolo pa ukadaulo.
Makampani atsopano a mabatire amagetsi ku China adayamba mochedwa ndipo akukula mofulumira chifukwa cha mfundo za dziko. Ukadaulo wofanana nawo wapitiliza kupita patsogolo ndi mgwirizano wa unyolo wonse wamakampani, ndipo wachepetsa kwambiri kusiyana ndi makampani apamwamba apadziko lonse lapansi. Monga wopanga zida za mabatire a lithiamu m'dziko, Maven imayang'ananso nthawi zonse madera ake opindulitsa, kuthandiza kukweza zida za mabatire mobwerezabwereza, ndikupereka njira zabwino zopangira ma module a mabatire atsopano osungira mphamvu zamagetsi.
Nthawi yotumizira: Sep-19-2023
