1.laza ya disc
Lingaliro la kapangidwe ka Disk Laser linathetsa bwino vuto la kutentha kwa ma laser olimba ndipo linapanga kuphatikiza kwabwino kwa mphamvu yapakati, mphamvu yayikulu, magwiridwe antchito apamwamba, komanso mtundu wapamwamba wa ma laser olimba. Ma laser a Disk akhala gwero latsopano losasinthika la kuwala kwa laser logwiritsidwa ntchito m'magalimoto, zombo, njanji, ndege, mphamvu ndi zina. Ukadaulo wamakono wa ma disc amagetsi amphamvu uli ndi mphamvu yayikulu ya ma kilowatts 16 ndi mtundu wa kuwala wa ma milliradians 8 mm, zomwe zimathandiza kuti ma robot laser akutali azigwira ntchito komanso kudula kwa laser yothamanga kwambiri, zomwe zimatsegula mwayi waukulu wa ma laser olimba m'magawo akukonza laser kwamphamvu kwambiriMsika wogwiritsira ntchito.
Ubwino wa ma laser a disc:
1. Kapangidwe ka modular
Laser ya disc imagwiritsa ntchito kapangidwe ka modular, ndipo gawo lililonse limatha kusinthidwa mwachangu pamalopo. Dongosolo loziziritsira ndi dongosolo lowongolera kuwala zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi gwero la laser, ndi kapangidwe kakang'ono, malo ochepa komanso kukhazikitsa mwachangu ndi kukonza zolakwika.
2. Ubwino wa mtengo wamtengo wapatali komanso wokhazikika
Ma laser onse a TRUMPF disc opitilira 2kW ali ndi beam parameter product (BPP) yokhazikika pa 8mm/mrad. Laseryo imasintha nthawi zonse mukamagwiritsa ntchito ndipo imagwirizana ndi ma optics onse a TRUMPF.
3. Popeza kukula kwa malo mu disc laser ndi kwakukulu, mphamvu ya kuwala yomwe imapirira ndi chinthu chilichonse cha kuwala ndi yaying'ono.
Kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka kwa utoto wa optical element nthawi zambiri kumakhala pafupifupi 500MW/cm2, ndipo kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka kwa quartz ndi 2-3GW/cm2. Kuchuluka kwa mphamvu mu TRUMPF disk laser resonant cavity nthawi zambiri kumakhala kochepera 0.5MW/cm2, ndipo kuchuluka kwa mphamvu pa ulusi wolumikizira ndi kochepera 30MW/cm2. Kuchuluka kwa mphamvu kotereku sikudzawononga zigawo za optical ndipo sikudzapanga zotsatira zosagwirizana ndi mzere, motero kuonetsetsa kuti ntchito ikudalirika.
4. Gwiritsani ntchito njira yowongolera mayankho a laser nthawi yeniyeni.
Dongosolo lowongolera mayankho nthawi yeniyeni limatha kusunga mphamvu kufika pa T-piece yokhazikika, ndipo zotsatira zake zimakhala zobwerezabwereza bwino kwambiri. Nthawi yotenthetsera ya disc laser ndi pafupifupi zero, ndipo mphamvu yosinthika ndi 1%–100%. Popeza disc laser imathetsa vuto la kutentha kwa lens, mphamvu ya laser, kukula kwa malo, ndi ngodya yosiyana ndi beam ndizokhazikika mkati mwa mphamvu yonse, ndipo kutsogolo kwa beam sikusokonezedwa.
5. Ulusi wa kuwala ukhoza kulumikizidwa ndi kusinthidwa pamene laser ikupitirira kugwira ntchito.
Pamene ulusi winawake wa kuwala walephera, mukasintha ulusi wa kuwala, mumangofunika kutseka njira yowunikira ya ulusi wa kuwala popanda kuzima, ndipo ulusi wina wa kuwala ukhoza kupitiriza kutulutsa kuwala kwa laser. Kusintha ulusi wa kuwala ndikosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, kumalumikiza ndi kusewera, popanda zida zilizonse kapena kusintha kwa makonzedwe. Pali chipangizo choteteza fumbi pakhomo la msewu kuti chilepheretse fumbi kulowa m'dera la gawo la kuwala.
6. Otetezeka komanso odalirika
Pa nthawi yokonza, ngakhale kutulutsa kwa zinthu zomwe zikukonzedwa kuli kwakukulu kwambiri kotero kuti kuwala kwa laser kumabwereranso mu laser, sikudzakhudza laser yokha kapena zotsatira zake, ndipo sipadzakhala zoletsa pa kukonza zinthu kapena kutalika kwa ulusi. Chitetezo cha ntchito ya laser chapatsidwa satifiketi yachitetezo yaku Germany.
7. Module ya diode yopopera ndi yosavuta komanso yachangu
Ma diode array omwe ali pa module yopopera ndi opangidwa modular. Ma diode array module amakhala ndi moyo wautali wautumiki ndipo ali ndi chitsimikizo cha zaka 3 kapena maola 20,000. Palibe nthawi yoti igwire ntchito kaya ndi yosinthidwa kapena yosinthidwa nthawi yomweyo chifukwa cha kulephera kwadzidzidzi. Pamene module yalephera, makina owongolera adzachenjeza ndikuwonjezera mphamvu ya ma module ena moyenera kuti mphamvu yotulutsa laser ikhale yokhazikika. Wogwiritsa ntchito akhoza kupitiriza kugwira ntchito kwa maola khumi kapena makumi ambiri. Kusintha ma diode module opopera pamalo opangira ndikosavuta kwambiri ndipo sikufuna maphunziro a wogwiritsa ntchito.
Ma laser a fiber, monga ma laser ena, amapangidwa ndi magawo atatu: gain medium (ulusi wopangidwa) womwe ungapangitse ma photon, optical resonant cavity yomwe imalola ma photon kubwezeretsedwanso ndikukulitsidwa mokweza mu gain medium, ndi pampu yomwe imasangalatsa kusintha kwa ma photon.
Mawonekedwe: 1. Ulusi wa kuwala uli ndi chiŵerengero chapamwamba cha "malo/voliyumu", mphamvu yabwino yotaya kutentha, ndipo imatha kugwira ntchito mosalekeza popanda kuzizira mokakamiza. 2. Monga njira yoyendetsera mafunde, ulusi wa kuwala uli ndi m'mimba mwake waung'ono ndipo umakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri mkati mwa ulusi. Chifukwa chake, ma laser a ulusi ali ndi mphamvu yosinthira kwambiri, malire otsika, phindu lalikulu, komanso mzere wopapatiza, ndipo ndi osiyana ndi ulusi wa kuwala. Kutayika kwa kulumikizana ndi kochepa. 3. Chifukwa ulusi wa kuwala uli ndi kusinthasintha kwabwino, ma laser a ulusi ndi ang'onoang'ono komanso osinthasintha, opapatiza mu kapangidwe kake, otsika mtengo, komanso osavuta kuphatikiza mu machitidwe. 4. Ulusi wa kuwala ulinso ndi magawo ambiri osinthika komanso kusankha, ndipo ukhoza kupeza malo ambiri osinthira, kufalikira kwabwino komanso kukhazikika.
Gulu la laser la fiber:
1. Laser ya fiber yopangidwa ndi nthaka yosowa
2. Zinthu zosowa zapadziko lapansi zomwe zili mu ulusi wa kuwala wokhwima womwe ulipo: erbium, neodymium, praseodymium, thulium, ndi ytterbium.
3. Chidule cha laser yotulutsa ulusi ya Raman: Laser ya ulusi kwenikweni ndi chosinthira mafunde, chomwe chingasinthe mafunde a pampu kukhala kuwala kwa mafunde enaake ndikutulutsa mu mawonekedwe a laser. Kuchokera pamalingaliro akuthupi, mfundo yopanga kukulitsa kuwala ndikupatsa zinthu zogwirira ntchito kuwala kwa mafunde omwe amatha kuyamwa, kuti zinthu zogwirira ntchito zitha kuyamwa mphamvu bwino ndikuyatsidwa. Chifukwa chake, kutengera ndi zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, mafunde ofanana a kuyamwa nawonso ndi osiyana, ndipo pampu Zofunikira za mafunde a kuwala ndizosiyana.
2.3 Laser ya semiconductor
Laser ya semiconductor inapangidwa bwino mu 1962 ndipo inapanga mphamvu yopitilira kutentha kwa chipinda mu 1970. Pambuyo pake, pambuyo pa kusintha, ma laser awiri a heterojunction ndi ma laser diode okhala ndi mizere (ma Laser diode) adapangidwa, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri polumikizana ndi ulusi wa optical, ma disc optical, ma laser printers, ma laser scanners, ndi ma laser pointers (ma laser pointers). Pakadali pano ndi laser yopangidwa kwambiri. Ubwino wa ma laser diode ndi: mphamvu yayikulu, kukula kochepa, kulemera kopepuka komanso mtengo wotsika. Makamaka, mphamvu ya multiple quantum well type ndi 20~40%, ndipo mtundu wa PN umafikanso 15%~25%. Mwachidule, mphamvu yayikulu ndiyo gawo lake lalikulu. Kuphatikiza apo, kutalika kwake kosalekeza kwa mphamvu kumaphimba kuyambira infrared mpaka kuwala kowoneka, ndipo zinthu zokhala ndi mphamvu yotulutsa ya optical pulse mpaka 50W (mpweya wa pulse 100ns) nazonso zagulitsidwa. Ndi chitsanzo cha laser yomwe ndi yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito ngati gwero la kuwala la lidar kapena excitation. Malinga ndi chiphunzitso cha mphamvu ya gulu la zinthu zolimba, kuchuluka kwa mphamvu kwa ma elekitironi mu zinthu za semiconductor kumapanga magulu amphamvu. Lamphamvu kwambiri ndi gulu loyendetsa, lamphamvu yochepa ndi gulu la valence, ndipo magulu awiriwa amalekanitsidwa ndi gulu loletsedwa. Pamene mawiri a ma elekitironi osalingana alowetsedwa mu gulu la semiconductor, mphamvu yotulutsidwayo imawala mu mawonekedwe a kuwala, komwe ndi kuwala kobwerezabwereza kwa onyamula.
Ubwino wa ma laser a semiconductor: kukula kochepa, kulemera kopepuka, kugwira ntchito kodalirika, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa, kugwira ntchito bwino kwambiri, ndi zina zotero.
2.4laser ya YAG
LASA YAG, mtundu wa laser, ndi laser matrix yokhala ndi mawonekedwe abwino kwambiri (ma optics, mechanics ndi thermal). Monga ma laser ena olimba, zigawo zazikulu za ma laser a YAG ndi zinthu zogwirira ntchito za laser, gwero la pampu ndi malo ozungulira. Komabe, chifukwa cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma ion ogwiritsidwa ntchito omwe amalowetsedwa mu kristalo, magwero osiyanasiyana a pampu ndi njira zopopera, kapangidwe kosiyana ka malo ozungulira omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndi zida zina zogwirira ntchito zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, ma laser a YAG amatha kugawidwa m'mitundu yambiri. Mwachitsanzo, malinga ndi mawonekedwe a mafunde otuluka, amatha kugawidwa mu laser ya YAG yopitilira, laser ya YAG yobwerezabwereza ndi laser ya pulse, ndi zina zotero; malinga ndi kutalika kwa nthawi yogwirira ntchito, imatha kugawidwa mu laser ya YAG ya 1.06μm, laser ya YAG yowirikiza kawiri, laser ya Raman yosinthidwa pafupipafupi ndi laser ya YAG yosinthika, ndi zina zotero; malinga ndi doping Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma laser imatha kugawidwa mu ma laser a Nd:YAG, ma laser a YAG ophatikizidwa ndi Ho, Tm, Er, ndi zina zotero; malinga ndi mawonekedwe a kristalo, amagawidwa mu ma laser a YAG opangidwa ngati ndodo komanso opangidwa ngati slab; Malinga ndi mphamvu zosiyanasiyana zotulutsa, zitha kugawidwa m'magulu amphamvu kwambiri komanso mphamvu yaying'ono komanso yapakatikati. LASA YAG, ndi zina zotero.
Makina olimba odulira laser a YAG amakula, amawunikira ndikuyang'ana kuwala kwa laser komwe kumayendetsedwa ndi mafunde a 1064nm, kenako amayatsa ndikutentha pamwamba pa chinthucho. Kutentha kwa pamwamba kumafalikira mkati mwa kutentha, ndipo m'lifupi, mphamvu, mphamvu yayikulu komanso kubwereza kwa kugunda kwa laser kumayendetsedwa bwino ndi digito. Mafupipafupi ndi magawo ena amatha kusungunuka, kusandutsa nthunzi ndikusanduka nthunzi nthawi yomweyo, motero amakwaniritsa kudula, kuwotcherera ndi kuboola njira zoyendetsera zomwe zakonzedweratu kudzera mu CNC system.
Zinthu Zake: Makinawa ali ndi khalidwe labwino la matabwa, mphamvu zake zambiri, mtengo wake wotsika, kukhazikika, chitetezo, kulondola kwambiri, komanso kudalirika kwambiri. Amaphatikiza kudula, kuwotcherera, kubowola ndi ntchito zina kukhala chimodzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yolondola komanso yosinthasintha bwino. Kuthamanga kwa ntchito mwachangu, mphamvu zake zambiri, ubwino wake wazachuma, mipata yaying'ono yolunjika m'mphepete, malo odulira osalala, chiŵerengero chachikulu cha kuya mpaka m'mimba mwake komanso kusintha kwa kutentha kwa chiŵerengero cha aspect-to-width, ndipo amatha kukonzedwa pazinthu zosiyanasiyana monga zolimba, zofooka, ndi zofewa. Palibe vuto la kuwonongeka kwa zida kapena kusintha pakukonza, ndipo palibe kusintha kwa makina. N'zosavuta kuzindikira zokha. Imatha kugwira ntchito pansi pa mikhalidwe yapadera. Mphamvu ya pampu ndi yayikulu, mpaka pafupifupi 20%. Pamene mphamvu zake zikuwonjezeka, kutentha kwa laser medium kumachepa, kotero matabwawo amakula kwambiri. Ali ndi moyo wautali, kudalirika kwambiri, kukula kwake kochepa komanso kulemera kopepuka, ndipo ndi oyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pang'onopang'ono.
Kugwiritsa Ntchito: Koyenera kudula, kuwotcherera ndi kuboola zitsulo pogwiritsa ntchito laser: monga chitsulo cha kaboni, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, chitsulo cha aloyi, aluminiyamu ndi aloyi, mkuwa ndi aloyi, titaniyamu ndi aloyi, nickel-molybdenum aloyi ndi zipangizo zina. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu ndege, ndege, zida, zombo, petrochemical, zamankhwala, zida zamagetsi, magalimoto ndi mafakitale ena. Sikuti kokha khalidwe la kukonza limawongoleredwa, komanso magwiridwe antchito amawongoleredwa; kuphatikiza apo, laser ya YAG ingaperekenso njira yolondola komanso yachangu yofufuzira kafukufuku wasayansi.
Poyerekeza ndi ma laser ena:
1. Laser ya YAG imatha kugwira ntchito m'njira zonse ziwiri za pulse ndi continuous modes. Mpweya wake wa pulse ungathe kupeza ma pulse afupi ndi ma ultra-short pulses kudzera mu Q-switching ndi mode-locking technology, motero zimapangitsa kuti ntchito yake ikhale yayikulu kuposa ya CO2 lasers.
2. Kutalika kwa mafunde ake otulutsa ndi 1.06um, komwe ndi kochepa kwambiri kuposa kutalika kwa mafunde a CO2 laser a 10.06um, kotero ili ndi mphamvu yolumikizirana bwino ndi chitsulo komanso magwiridwe antchito abwino.
3. Laser ya YAG ili ndi kapangidwe kakang'ono, kulemera kopepuka, kugwiritsa ntchito kosavuta komanso kodalirika, komanso zosowa zochepa zosamalira.
4. Laser ya YAG ikhoza kugwirizanitsidwa ndi ulusi wowala. Mothandizidwa ndi nthawi yogawa ndi mphamvu yogawa magetsi, kuwala kwa laser kamodzi kumatha kutumizidwa mosavuta ku malo ambiri ogwirira ntchito kapena malo ogwirira ntchito akutali, zomwe zimathandiza kuti ntchito ya laser ikhale yosavuta. Chifukwa chake, posankha laser, muyenera kuganizira magawo osiyanasiyana ndi zosowa zanu zenizeni. Mwanjira imeneyi yokha ndi yomwe laser imatha kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwambiri. Ma laser a Pulsed Nd:YAG operekedwa ndi Xinte Optoelectronics ndi oyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale ndi asayansi. Ma laser a pulsed Nd:YAG odalirika komanso okhazikika amapereka mphamvu ya pulse yotulutsa mpaka 1.5J pa 1064nm ndi liwiro lobwerezabwereza mpaka 100Hz.
Nthawi yotumizira: Meyi-17-2024
