Zigawo ndi mfundo zogwirira ntchito zamakina odulira a laser

Makina odulira a laser ali ndi chotumizira cha laser, mutu wodulira, gawo lotumizira la beam, benchi yogwirira ntchito ya zida zamakina, makina a CNC, kompyuta (hardware, mapulogalamu), choziziritsira, silinda ya gasi yoteteza, chosonkhanitsa fumbi, chowumitsira mpweya ndi zina.

1. Jenereta ya laser Chipangizo chomwe chimapanga gwero la kuwala kwa laser. Pofuna kudula laser, kupatulapo nthawi zingapo pomwe ma laser olimba a YAG amagwiritsidwa ntchito, ambiri a iwo amagwiritsa ntchito ma laser a gas a CO2 okhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu yosinthira magetsi komanso mphamvu yayikulu yotulutsa. Popeza kudula laser kuli ndi zofunikira kwambiri pamtundu wa beam, si ma laser onse omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito kudula.

2. Mutu wodula umaphatikizapo makamaka zinthu monga nozzle, focus lens ndi focus tracking system. Chipangizo chodulira mutu wodula chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyendetsa mutu wodula kuti uyende motsatira Z axis malinga ndi pulogalamuyo. Chimakhala ndi servo motor ndi zida zotumizira monga screw rods kapena magiya.

(1) Nozzle: Pali mitundu itatu ikuluikulu ya nozzle: parallel, convergent ndi cone.

(2) Lenzi yolunjika: Kuti mugwiritse ntchito mphamvu ya kuwala kwa laser podula, kuwala koyambirira komwe kumatulutsidwa ndi laser kuyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi lenzi kuti apange malo amphamvu kwambiri. Ma lenzi apakati ndi aatali oyenera kudula mbale zokhuthala ndipo ali ndi zofunikira zochepa kuti malo olumikizirana azikhala olimba. Ma lenzi afupiafupi ndi oyenera kudula mbale zoonda pansi pa D3. Kulunjika kochepa kuli ndi zofunikira kwambiri pa kukhazikika kwa malo olumikizirana, koma kungachepetse kwambiri mphamvu yotulutsa ya laser.

(3) Dongosolo Lotsata: Dongosolo lotsata makina odulira laser nthawi zambiri limapangidwa ndi mutu wodula wolunjika ndi dongosolo la sensa yotsatirira. Mutu wodula umaphatikizapo kuyang'ana kowunikira, kuziziritsa madzi, kuwomba mpweya ndi zida zosinthira makina. Sensa imapangidwa ndi chinthu cha sensa ndi gawo lowongolera kukulitsa. Kutengera ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana za sensa, dongosolo lotsata ndi losiyana kotheratu. Pano, pali mitundu iwiri ya machitidwe otsata. Chimodzi ndi dongosolo lotsata masensa opatsa mphamvu, lomwe limadziwikanso kuti dongosolo lotsata losakhudzana. China ndi dongosolo lotsata masensa oyambitsa, lomwe limadziwikanso kuti dongosolo lotsata kulumikizana.

3. Njira yowunikira yakunja ya gawo lotumizira kuwala: galasi loyang'ana kuwala, lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsogolera laser kupita mbali yofunikira. Pofuna kupewa kuti njira yowunikira kuwala isagwire ntchito bwino, magalasi onse ayenera kutetezedwa ndi chivundikiro choteteza ndipo mpweya woteteza mphamvu umayikidwa kuti uteteze lenzi ku kuipitsidwa. Ma lenzi abwino amagwira ntchito bwino adzayang'ana kuwala kopanda ngodya yosiyana kupita ku malo ang'onoang'ono kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, lenzi yolunjika ya mainchesi 5.0 imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Lenzi ya mainchesi 7.5 imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zokwana >12mm.

4. Gawo la makina ogwirira ntchito pa benchi la zida zogwirira ntchito: gawo la makina odulira laser, gawo la makina lomwe limayendetsa kayendedwe ka nkhwangwa za X, Y, ndi Z, kuphatikizapo nsanja yodulira.

5. Dongosolo la CNC Dongosolo la CNC limalamulira chida cha makina kuti lizindikire kayendedwe ka ma axes a X, Y, ndi Z, komanso limayang'anira mphamvu yotulutsa ya laser.

6. Chiller cha makina oziziritsira: chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuziziritsa jenereta ya laser. Laser ndi chipangizo chomwe chimasintha mphamvu zamagetsi kukhala mphamvu yowala. Mwachitsanzo, kuchuluka kwa CO2 gas laser nthawi zambiri kumakhala 20%, ndipo mphamvu yotsalayo imasinthidwa kukhala kutentha. Madzi ozizira amachotsa kutentha kochulukirapo kuti jenereta ya laser igwire ntchito bwino. Chiller chimaziziritsanso chowunikira ndi lenzi yolunjika ya njira yakunja ya chipangizo cha makina kuti zitsimikizire kuti kuwala kokhazikika kumatumiza bwino ndikuletsa lenzi kuti isawonongeke kapena kuphulika chifukwa cha kutentha kwambiri.

7. Masilinda a gasi Masilinda a gasi amaphatikizapo makina odulira a laser ogwirira ntchito masilinda apakati a gasi ndi masilinda a gasi othandizira, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwonjezera mpweya wa mafakitale wa laser oscillation ndikupereka mpweya wothandizira pamutu wodulira.

8. Dongosolo lochotsa fumbi limachotsa utsi ndi fumbi zomwe zimapangidwa panthawi yokonza, ndikuzisefa kuti mpweya wotulutsa utsi ukwaniritse miyezo yoteteza chilengedwe.

9. Zipangizo zoziziritsira mpweya ndi zosefera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popereka mpweya wouma woyera ku jenereta ya laser ndi njira ya beam kuti njira ndi chowunikira zigwire ntchito bwino.