Zipangizo za Laser
Zipangizo za laser zitha kugawidwa m'magulu atatu: makina olembera laser, makina olembera laser, ndi makina odulira laser. Makina olembera laser akuphatikizapo makina olembera laser a semiconductor, makina olembera laser a CO2, makina olembera fiber laser, makina olembera laser a ultraviolet, ndi zina zotero; pakadali pano, makina olembera laser akuphatikizapo makina olembera laser a YAG odziyimira pawokha ndi makina olembera laser a fiber-optic transmission, ndi zina zotero; makina odulira laser akuphatikizapo makina odulira laser a YAG ndi makina odulira fiber laser a fiber, ndi zina zotero.
Zamkatimu
Pali mitundu yambiri yamakina olembera laserMalinga ndi makhalidwe osiyanasiyana a ma laser, amatha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: makina olembera ulusi wa laser, makina olembera ulusi wa carbon dioxide, makina olembera ulusi wa semiconductor, makina olembera ulusi wa ultraviolet, ndi makina olembera ulusi wa laser wobiriwira. Pakati pawo, ulusi, carbon dioxide, semiconductor, ndi ultraviolet lasers zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza pamwamba pa zinthu, pomwe ma laser obiriwira amagwiritsidwa ntchito polemba mkati mwa zinthu zagalasi ndi kristalo, kotero ma laser obiriwira amatchedwanso makina osema mkati. Zogulitsa zamitundu yonse (zitsulo, matabwa, zinthu zochokera m'madzi, zosagwira moto, komanso zopangidwa ndi nthaka) zitha kukonzedwa ndi makina olembera ulusi wa laser!
Makina a Laser a YAG
LASI YAG ndi laser yolimba yokhala ndi kutalika kwa 1.064um mu infrared band. Imagwiritsa ntchito nyali ya krypton ngati gwero la mphamvu (gwero loyambitsa) ndipo ND:YAG (lasi ya Nd:YAG; Nd (neodymium) ndi chinthu chosowa chapadziko lapansi, YAG imayimira yttrium aluminium garnet, yomwe kapangidwe kake ka kristalo kamafanana ndi ka ruby) ngati njira yopangira laser. Gwero loyambitsa limatulutsa kuwala kwa mafunde enaake, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chinthu chogwira ntchito chifike ponseponse, kutulutsa laser kudzera mu kusintha kwa mphamvu, kukulitsa mphamvu ya laser, kuyipanga ndikuyiyang'ana kuti ipange kuwala kwa laser komwe kungagwiritsidwe ntchito.
Makina a Laser a Semiconductor
Makina olembera laser opangidwa ndi semiconductor amagwiritsa ntchito semiconductor laser diode yokhala ndi wavelength ya 0.808um (yopopedwa mbali kapena kumapeto) kuti apope Nd:YAG medium, kotero kuti medium imapanga tinthu tambiri tozungulira, zomwe zimapanga kutulutsa kwakukulu kwa laser yokhala ndi wavelength ya 1.064um pansi pa mphamvu ya Q-switch, yokhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu yosinthira ma electro-optical. Poyerekeza ndi makina olembera laser opangidwa ndi YAG opangidwa ndi nyali, makina olembera laser opangidwa ndi semiconductor ali ndi ubwino wokhala ndi kukhazikika bwino, kusunga mphamvu, kusafunikira kusintha nyali, ndi zina zotero, koma mtengo wake ndi wokwera kwambiri.
Makina Olembera a Laser a CHIKWANGWANI
Ili ndi magawo atatu makamaka: laser, galvanometer scanner, ndi khadi lolembera. Ndi makina olembera omwe amagwiritsa ntchito fiber laser popanga laser. Ili ndi kuwala kwabwino, yokhala ndi malo otulutsira mphamvu a 1064nm, ndipo nthawi yogwira ntchito ya makina onse ndi pafupifupi maola 100,000, zomwe ndi zazitali kuposa mitundu ina ya makina olembera laser. Mphamvu yosinthira magetsi ndi yoposa 28%, yomwe ili ndi ubwino waukulu poyerekeza ndi mphamvu yosinthira ya 2%-10% ya makina ena olembera laser, ndipo ili ndi magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri pakusunga mphamvu ndi kuteteza chilengedwe.
Makina Olembera a Laser a CO2
Laser ya CO2 ndi laser ya gasi yokhala ndi kutalika kwa 10.64um mu bande ya infrared yakutali. Imagwiritsa ntchito mpweya wa CO2 wodzazidwa mu chubu chotulutsira ngati njira yopangira laser. Pamene magetsi ambiri agwiritsidwa ntchito pa ma electrode, kuwala kumatuluka mu chubu chotulutsira, zomwe zingapangitse mamolekyu a gasi kutulutsa laser. Pambuyo powonjezera mphamvu ya laser, kuwala kwa laser kokonza zinthu kumapangidwa.
Makina Olembera a Laser a Ultraviolet
Makina olembera laser ya ultraviolet ali ndi laser yakuya ya ultraviolet, makina ojambulira a galvanometer othamanga kwambiri ochokera kunja, ndi zina zotero; chifukwa cha malo ochepa kwambiri owunikira makina olembera laser ya ultraviolet komanso malo ochepa omwe amakhudzidwa ndi kutentha panthawi yokonza, makina olembera laser ya ultraviolet amatha kulemba bwino kwambiri komanso kulemba zinthu zapadera. Ndi chinthu chomwe chimakondedwa ndi makasitomala omwe ali ndi zofunikira kwambiri pakulemba. Makina olembera laser ya ultraviolet ali ndi mawonekedwe a kusintha kwa electro-optical, moyo wautali wa kristalo wosakhala wolunjika, kugwira ntchito kokhazikika kwa makina onse, kulondola kwambiri pamalo, kugwira ntchito bwino, komanso kapangidwe ka modular kuti kukhazikike mosavuta komanso kukonza. Kuphatikiza apo, benchi logwirira ntchito lodziyimira lokha la magawo awiri likhoza kukhala ndi zida zomwe zingagwire ntchito yolemba mosalekeza m'malo ambiri kapena yokhala ndi mawonekedwe akuluakulu.
Yttrium Aluminiyamu Garnet Cholembera Machine
Chogwirira ntchitocho ndi cholimba, ndipo laser imatulutsa mafunde owala a 1060nm pafupi ndi dera la infrared. Ili ndi mitundu iwiri:mtundu wopitilira ndi mtundu wa cholembera chopepukaMwa kusintha mphamvu yotulutsa, kuwala kwa laser kwa mphamvu zosiyanasiyana kungapezeke. Njira zolembera zimaphatikizapo njira yophikira (chizindikiro chakuda), njira yotulutsa thovu (chizindikiro chopepuka) ndi njira yochotsera (chizindikiro chojambulidwa), yokhala ndi khalidwe labwino kwambiri lolembera.
Makina Olembera a Excimer
Imatha kutulutsa mafunde owala omwe ali mu ultraviolet range (100 ~ 400nm), ndipo chogwirira ntchitocho chimapangidwa ndi chisakanizo cha helium, argon, krypton, mpweya wa neon ndi ma halogen monga chlorine, fluorine, bromine, ndi ayodini.
Makina Olembera a Laser Obiriwira
Makina olembera laser wobiriwira amagwiritsa ntchito kupompa mbali, komwe ndi kosiyana ndi makina olembera laser opangidwa ndi semiconductor ndipo ali ndi ubwino woonekeratu: kutulutsa kwa laser wobiriwira wa 532nm, kukula kochepa kwa malo olunjika, mphamvu yowonjezereka, kusintha kwamagetsi ndi kuwala kwamphamvu, komanso khalidwe labwino la kuwala. Makina onsewa ali ndi chitetezo chabwino komanso kuwongolera bwino kulembera, akugwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu ya PLC kuti agwire ntchito yoyambira. Zipangizozi ndizoyenera kwambiri kujambula pamwamba pa zinthu zagalasi, monga zowonetsera mafoni, zowonetsera LCD, zida zowunikira (monga magalasi owunikira), magalasi amagalimoto, ndi zina zotero. Nthawi yomweyo, zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza pamwamba pa zinthu zambiri zachitsulo ndi zosakhala zitsulo kapena kukonza mafilimu ophimba, monga zida, zoumba, magalasi ndi mawotchi, PC, zida zamagetsi, zida zosiyanasiyana, ma PCB board ndi ma control panels, ma nameplate ndi ma display board, mapulasitiki, ndi zina zotero. Ili ndi mtengo wokwera kwambiri poyerekeza ndi zinthu zofanana. Mtengo wake ndi wokwera mtengo.
Kudula kwa laser ndi kuti kuwala kwa laser kopingasa komwe kumatulutsidwa ndi laser kumasanduka kuwala kwa laser kotsika pansi kudzera mu galasi lowunikira la 45°, kenako kumayang'aniridwa ndi lenzi, ndikugwirizanitsidwa kukhala malo ang'onoang'ono kwambiri pamalo ofunikira. Kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya laser komwe kumayikidwa pamalopo kuli kokwera kufika pa 10^6~10^9W/cm^2. Chogwirira ntchito pamalo ake ofunikira chimayatsidwa ndi malo a laser okhala ndi mphamvu zambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kutentha kwapafupiko kupitirira 10000°C, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chogwirira ntchito chikhale nthunzi nthawi yomweyo. Kenako, chitsulo chotenthetsera chimachotsedwa ndi mpweya wodulira wothandizira, kuti chidule chogwirira ntchitocho kukhala dzenje laling'ono kwambiri. Ndi kayendedwe ka chida cha makina a CNC, mabowo ang'onoang'ono ambiri amalumikizidwa kuti apange mawonekedwe omwe mukufuna. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kudula kwa laser, kulumikizana kwa dzenje lililonse laling'ono kumakhala kosalala kwambiri, ndipo zinthu zodulidwazo zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba.
Kuwotcherera kwa laser kumagwiritsa ntchito ma laser amphamvu kwambiri kuti kutenthetse zinthu m'dera laling'ono. Mphamvu ya kuwala kwa laser imafalikira mkati mwa zinthuzo kudzera mu kutentha, kusungunula zinthuzo kuti zipange dziwe losungunuka. Ndi njira yatsopano yowotcherera, makamaka yowotcherera zinthu zokhala ndi makoma ochepa komanso zigawo zolondola. Imatha kupangitsa kuti zinthu zikhale zowotcherera, kuwotcherera matako, kuwotcherera lap, kuwotcherera chisindikizo, ndi zina zotero, ndi chiŵerengero chakuya mpaka m'lifupi, m'lifupi mwake, malo ochepa okhudzidwa ndi kutentha, kusintha pang'ono, liwiro lowotcherera mwachangu, msoko wosalala komanso wokongola, palibe chifukwa chochitira chithandizo chowotcherera pambuyo pa kuwotcherera kapena chithandizo chosavuta chokha, mtundu wapamwamba wa kuwotcherera, palibe ma pores, kuwongolera kolondola, malo ochepa owala, kulondola kwakukulu, komanso kuzindikira mosavuta zochita zokha.
Kukonza Zipangizo za Laser
1. Tsukani magalasi, tsogolerani zitsulo, ndikutsuka zinyalala pa benchi yogwirira ntchito tsiku lililonse; Njira yotsukira magalasi: Mukatsuka magalasi, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito ethanol yosasungunuka kapena 98% mowa ngati madzi oyeretsera. Ikani thonje lonyowa pang'ono mu mowa, pukutani magalasi pang'onopang'ono mbali yokhazikika, kenako pukutani magalasi pang'onopang'ono ndi thonje louma kuti magalasiwo akhale owala komanso owonekera bwino; (Dziwani: Kupukuta mwamphamvu kwambiri kungachotse chophimba pa magalasi, zomwe zingawononge magalasi)
Njira yoyeretsera zitsulo zotsogolera: Choyamba chotsani madontho ndi kukonza zinyalala pazitsulo zotsogolera, kenako onjezerani mafuta oyera pang'ono odzola kuzitsulo zotsogolera, ndikusuntha zitsulo zotsogolera kuti mafuta oyera odzola azigawidwa mofanana pazitsulo zotsogolera. (Zindikirani: Musagwiritse ntchito mafuta okhuthala (mafuta), omwe ndi osavuta kuyambitsa zinyalala ndi fumbi kuti zigwirizike pazitsulo zotsogolera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zotsetsereka ndi zitsulo zotsogolera zisawonongeke);
Njira yoyeretsera benchi yogwirira ntchito: Benchi yogwirira ntchito ili ndi zinc-iron alloy, uchi, chokwawa, mpeni ndi mabenchi ena ogwirira ntchito. Choyamba, yeretsani zinyalala zomwe zili pabenchi yogwirira ntchito. Pabenchi yogwirira ntchito yokwawa, ndikofunikira kuwonjezera mafuta oyera oletsa dzimbiri ku benchi yokwawa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi iliyonse kuti muchepetse dzimbiri; mabenchi ena ogwirira ntchito safunikira. (Dziwani: Benchi yogwirira ntchito silingathe kutsukidwa ndi madzi, zomwe n'zosavuta kupangitsa benchi yogwirira ntchito kuchita dzimbiri ndikufulumizitsa kusungunuka kwa okosijeni pabenchi yogwirira ntchito.)
2. Tsukani nthawi zonse chotenthetsera utsi ndi chitoliro chotulutsira utsi kuti zikhale zoyera;
Njira yoyeretsera fani yotulutsa utsi ndi chitoliro chotulutsa utsi: Pamene utsi ndi fumbi zikuchuluka panthawi yokonza, ndikofunikira kuyeretsa fani. Tsegulani chivundikiro chakunja cha fani, pukutani fumbi pa masamba a fani ndi njira za mpweya ndi chidutswa chopyapyala chamatabwa, kenako phulitsani fumbi ndi mfuti ya mpweya wothamanga kwambiri. Njira yoyeretsera payipi yotulutsa utsi ndi yofanana ndi ya fani yotulutsa utsi.
(Dziwani: Palibe madzi omwe angalowe mu chitoliro chotulutsa utsi ndipo sangapitirire kumalo a chinyezi, monga m'madzi otayira zinyalala.)
3. Tsukani zipsepse zoziziritsira za thanki yamadzi nthawi zonse;
Njira yoyeretsera zipsepse zoziziritsira: Cholinga chachikulu cha zipsepse zoziziritsira ndikuchotsa kutentha kwa kayendedwe ka madzi mu chubu cha laser. Kutaya kutentha koipa kumakhudza mwachindunji mphamvu yotulutsa laser, kotero kuyeretsa zipsepse zoziziritsira ndikofunikira kwambiri.
Choyamba, chotsani fumbi pa zipsepse zoziziritsira ndi burashi, kenako gwiritsani ntchito mfuti ya mpweya wothamanga kwambiri kuti mupumulire mpweya m'malo olowera madzi kuti muyeretse mpweya, potsiriza tsanulirani madzi oyeretsera zipsepse zoziziritsira pa zipsepse zoziziritsira, muzimutsuka ndi madzi ndikuwumitsa musanagwiritse ntchito.
4. Gawo la makina opatsira magetsi liyenera kupakidwa mafuta kamodzi pamwezi;
Malamulo osamalira gawo lotumizira makina la zida: Gawo lotumizira makina limaphatikizapo mawilo ogwirizana, mabearing, mawilo owoneka, ndodo zowala, ndi zina zotero. Gawo lalikulu lopaka mafuta ndi mabearing. Mawilo ogwirizana, mawilo owoneka, ndi ndodo zowala ziyenera kukhala zotetezedwa ku dzimbiri, ndipo mabearing olumikizira ayenera kuwonjezeredwa ndi mafuta oyera opaka kamodzi pamwezi.
5. Madzi ozungulira ayenera kusinthidwa kamodzi pa sabata;
Malamulo Osamalira Madzi Ozungulira: Ntchito yaikulu ya madzi ozungulira ndikutulutsa kutentha kwa chubu cha laser, zomwe zimakhudza mwachindunji mphamvu ndi moyo wa chubu cha laser. Madzi ozungulira ayenera kukhala madzi oyera, kotero kuti sikeloyo siingakhale yosavuta kupanga pakhoma lamkati la chubu cha laser. Madzi akayamba kukhuthala, madzi ozungulira ayenera kusinthidwa. Kuchuluka kwa madzi olowetsedwa ndi 2/3 ya thanki yamadzi, ndipo madzi ayenera kuwonjezeredwa ngati ali ochepera 1/3, apo ayi chubu cha laser chingaphulike.
6. Pazida zatsopano za laser, mphamvu yotulutsa laser iyenera kulamulidwa pansi pa 80%;
7. Kuti muwonjezere nthawi yogwira ntchito ya chubu cha laser, tikukulimbikitsani kuti mupumule kwa mphindi pafupifupi 10 mutagwira ntchito mosalekeza kwa maola 5 musanagwirenso ntchito.
8. Kusamalira chubu cha laser: Pazida zatsopano za laser, mphamvu yotulutsa laser iyenera kulamulidwa pansi pa 80%, makamaka chifukwa mpweya womwe uli mu chubu chatsopano cha laser ndi wodzaza, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri ndikosavuta kuyambitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mpweya mwachangu ndikuchepetsa moyo wa ntchito ya chubu cha laser. Chifukwa chachikulu chopumira kwa mphindi pafupifupi 10 mutagwira ntchito mosalekeza kwa maola 5 ndikuti kugwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali kwa chubu cha laser kudzapangitsa kutentha kwa chubu cha laser kukwera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mphamvu ikhale yosakhazikika komanso yofooka.
Nthawi yotumizira: Feb-27-2026
