Sayansi Yodziwika Kwambiri ya Makampani a Laser

I. Chiyambi cha Makampani Opanga Laser

Monga chitsanzo cha kupanga zinthu zapamwamba, ukadaulo wa laser wawona chitukuko chodabwitsa m'zaka khumi zapitazi—makampani opanga laser ku China akukula kuchoka pa gawo latsopano kufika pa gawo lalikulu, ndipo mabizinesi aku China akukula mofulumira. Poyang'ana patsogolo zaka khumi zikubwerazi, makampani opanga laser ku China akukonzekera kusintha kuchoka pa "kukula kwakukulu" kupita ku chitukuko "chapamwamba".

Kuyambira m'zaka za m'ma 1900, laser yakhala ikutamandidwa ngati imodzi mwa zinthu zazikulu kwambiri zomwe anthu apanga, kutsatira mphamvu ya atomiki, makompyuta, ndi ma semiconductor. Yodziwika kuti ndi "mpeni wakuthwa kwambiri," "wolamulira wolondola kwambiri," "kuwala kowala kwambiri," ndi "laser yodabwitsa," yasintha kwambiri ukadaulo wamakono.

II. Mbiri ya Chitukuko cha Lasers

Kale mu 1916, Albert Einstein anafotokoza ubale womwe ulipo pakati pa kutulutsa mpweya wolimbikitsa ndi kutulutsa kwa maatomu mwadzidzidzi, zomwe zinayambitsa malingaliro okhudza kugwiritsa ntchito ma laser kuti awonjezere kuwala. Mu 1958, asayansi aku America adapereka mfundo ya laser potengera zomwe adawona kuti kristalo wa dziko lapansi wosowa woyatsidwa ndi babu la neon umatulutsa kuwala kwamphamvu komanso kolunjika kwambiri. Mfundo imeneyi imati pamene zinthu zikukhudzidwa ndi mphamvu yofanana ndi kuchuluka kwa ma molekyulu ozungulira, zimapanga kuwala kwamphamvu kosasinthasintha—laser.

Mu 1960, wasayansi waku America Theodore adapanga laser yoyamba padziko lonse lapansi (kutalika kwa mafunde: 0.6943 microns) poyatsa galasi la ruby lokhala ndi nyali yamphamvu kwambiri. Izi zidapangitsa kuti laser isinthe kuchoka pa sayansi ya chiphunzitso kupita ku fizikisi yoyesera. Pambuyo pake, ukadaulo wa laser udapita patsogolo mwachangu m'mbali zosiyanasiyana, kuchoka pa gawo loyesera kupita ku ntchito zothandiza ndikupeza kudziwika ngati chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri m'zaka za zana la 20.

Masiku ano, zipangizo zopangira laser zochokera ku ukadaulo wa laser zakhala chida chofunikira kwambiri popanga mafakitale tsiku ndi tsiku, kuphatikizapo mafakitale monga ankhondo, ndege, kupanga magalimoto, chisamaliro chamankhwala, kupanga zamagetsi, ndi kupanga ma photovoltaic.

Pakapita nthawi, kufufuza kwa anthu m'munda wa laser kwapitilizabe kuswa malire, zomwe zapeza zotsatira zodabwitsa. Kukula kwa ma laser m'magulu osiyanasiyana a wavelength—kuphatikizapo ma fiber laser, ma CO₂ laser, ma green laser, ma blue laser, ma ultraviolet (UV) laser, ma deep ultraviolet (DUV) lasers, ndi ma X-ray lasers—kwapereka chithandizo champhamvu pa ntchito zosiyanasiyana zamalonda, zachipatala, ndi mafakitale. Mofanana ndi kupita patsogolo kwa ma wavelength a laser, zatsopano mu ntchito za laser zakula, monga kudula laser, kuwotcherera laser, kuyika chizindikiro cha laser, kuvala laser, kuboola laser, ndi kuyika laser.

Ndi kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo kosalekeza, zida zopangira laser zakhala zothandiza kwambiri komanso zogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Zinthu zopangidwa kapena kukonzedwa ndi laser zakhala zikugwirizana kwambiri ndi moyo wa anthu watsiku ndi tsiku, zomwe zikugwirizana kwambiri ndi zochita zathu zatsiku ndi tsiku.

III. Chidule cha Unyolo wa Makampani a Laser

Unyolo wa makampani a laser uli ndi magawo atatu ofunikira:

Kumtunda: Zipangizo ndi zigawo, kuphatikizapo kupanga zida zowunikira, zamakina, zamagetsi, ndi zowongolera mpweya za zida zopangira laser, komanso kafukufuku ndi chitukuko cha nsanja zowongolera ndi mapulogalamu ena ofanana.
Pakati: Kupanga zida zopangira laser (gawo lalikulu la unyolo wamakampani).
Pansi pa mtsinje: Makampani ogwiritsira ntchito, kuphatikizapo magalimoto, zitsulo, zomanga zombo, ndege, zamagetsi, zipangizo zamakono, kukonza zinthu za semiconductor, kupanga makina, kukongola kwachipatala, ndi mafakitale amagetsi—kumene ukadaulo wokonza laser umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.

IV. Msika wa Laser ku China

Makampani Ogulitsa Laser: Gawo la Msika wa Makampani Aku China Likuyembekezeka Kupitilira Kukwera

Chifukwa cha kukula kwachuma kwa China komanso chitukuko cha gawo lopanga zinthu, maziko olimba azachuma adzakulitsa kufunikira kwa msika wopanga laser ndikupanga mikhalidwe yabwino yopangira zatsopano mumakampaniwa. Poganizira zamtsogolo, makampani opanga zida za laser ku China ali ndi kuthekera kwakukulu kopanga msika.

Chifukwa cha kufunikira kwakukulu kwa kudula/kuwotcherera kwamphamvu kwambiri, kukonza zinthu zamagetsi, ndi kuzindikira, kufunikira kwa zida za laser zamafakitale kukuyembekezeka kupitiriza kukula. Pakadali pano, kufunikira kwa msika m'gawo lokonza zinthu kukukulirakulira mofulumira, pomwe kuchuluka kwa makina a laser kukupitirirabe. Pamene ukadaulo wokonza laser ukukulirakulira komanso momwe mtengo wake umagwirira ntchito bwino, mwayi wofuna zida za laser zamafakitale ndi wabwino kwambiri.