Kodi Kudula kwa Laser ndi Chiyani?

Kudula kwa laser ndi njira yodulira kutentha yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito kuwala kwa laser kolimba kwambiri kuti iwalitse ntchito yogwirira ntchito. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zinthu zomwe zayatsidwa ndi radiation zisungunuke mwachangu, ziume, zipse, kapena zifike pamalo oyatsira. Pakadali pano, mpweya wothamanga kwambiri wokhala ndi kuwala kwa laser umachotsa zinthu zosungunuka, motero umadula ntchito yogwirira ntchitoyo.

Kugawa ndi Makhalidwe a Kudula kwa Laser

Kudula kwa laser kungagawidwe m'mitundu inayi: kudula kwa nthunzi ya laser, kudula kwa fusion ya laser, kudula kwa okosijeni ya laser, ndi kulemba ndi kudula kwa laser ndi kusweka kolamulidwa.

Kudula kwa Nthunzi ya Laser

Imagwiritsa ntchito kuwala kwa laser kokhala ndi mphamvu zambiri kutentha ntchitoyo, kukweza kutentha kwake mofulumira kufika pa kutentha kwa chinthucho pakapita nthawi yochepa kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chinthucho chikhale nthunzi ndikupanga nthunzi. Nthunziyo imatulutsidwa mofulumira kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chinthucho chichepe pamene chikutuluka. Popeza zinthu zambiri zimakhala ndi kutentha kwakukulu kwa nthunzi, kudula kwa nthunzi ya laser kumafuna mphamvu zambiri komanso kuchuluka kwa mphamvu.

Kudula kwa Laser Fusion

Pakudula pogwiritsa ntchito laser fusion, laser imatenthetsa ndikusungunula zitsulo. Mpweya wosapanga okosijeni (monga Ar, He, N, ndi zina zotero) umawombedwa kudzera mu nozzle coaxial yokhala ndi laser beam. Kupanikizika kwakukulu kwa mpweya kumachotsa chitsulo chosungunuka, ndikupanga kudula. Mosiyana ndi kudula pogwiritsa ntchito nthunzi, njira iyi siifuna nthunzi yonse ya zinthu ndipo imangogwiritsa ntchito 1/10 ya mphamvu yofunikira podula pogwiritsa ntchito nthunzi. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka podula zitsulo zosapanga okosijeni kapena zosinthika, kuphatikizapo chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, titaniyamu, aluminiyamu, ndi zitsulo zake.

Kudula Mpweya wa Laser

Mfundo yodulira okosijeni pogwiritsa ntchito laser ndi yofanana ndi kudula kwa oxyacetylene. Laser imagwira ntchito ngati gwero lotenthetsera, pomwe mpweya wochita ntchito (monga mpweya) umagwira ntchito ngati mpweya wodulira. Kumbali imodzi, mpweya wophulika umagwira ntchito ndi chitsulo chomwe chikudulidwa, zomwe zimayambitsa kupangika kwa okosijeni komwe kumatulutsa kutentha kwakukulu kwa okosijeni. Kumbali ina, imachotsa ma oxide osungunuka ndikusungunuka kuchokera pamalo ochitirapo kanthu, ndikupanga kudula mu chitsulocho. Kupangika kwa okosijeni panthawi yodula kumapanga kutentha kwakukulu, kotero kudula okosijeni pogwiritsa ntchito laser kumafuna theka la mphamvu yodulira, pomwe liwiro lake lodulira limathamanga kwambiri kuposa la nthunzi ndi kudula kwa fusion. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pazinthu zachitsulo zomwe zimatha kupangika ngati carbon steel, titanium steel, ndi chitsulo chotenthetsera.

Kulemba ndi Kuduladula kwa Laser

Kulemba pogwiritsa ntchito laser kumagwiritsa ntchito laser yolemera kwambiri kuti ione pamwamba pa zinthu zosweka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mpata ukhale wouma. Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu inayake kumapangitsa kuti zinthu zosweka zisweke m'mphepete mwa mpata. Ma laser osinthidwa ndi Q ndi ma laser a CO₂ amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri polemba pogwiritsa ntchito laser. Kusweka kolamulidwa kumagwiritsa ntchito kutentha kwakukulu komwe kumachitika panthawi yolemba pogwiritsa ntchito laser kuti kupangitse kutentha kwapafupi m'zinthu zosweka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zisweke m'mphepete mwa mpata.

Kugwiritsa Ntchito Kudula kwa Laser

Makina ambiri odulira laser amagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu owongolera manambala (NC) kapena kukonzedwa ngati maloboti odulira. Monga njira yokonzekera molondola, kudula laser kumatha kudula pafupifupi zipangizo zonse, kuphatikiza kudula kwa 2D kapena 3D kwa mapepala owonda achitsulo. Mu gawo la ndege, ukadaulo wodulira laser umagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka podula zipangizo zapadera za ndege monga titanium alloys, aluminiyamu alloys, nickel alloys, chromium alloys, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, beryllium oxide, zipangizo zophatikizika, mapulasitiki, zoumbaumba, ndi quartz. Zigawo za ndege zomwe zimakonzedwa ndi kudula laser zimaphatikizapo machubu amoto a injini, ma casing a titanium alloy okhala ndi makoma owonda, mafelemu a ndege, zikopa za titanium alloy, zingwe zamapiko, mapanelo a mapiko akumbuyo, ma rotor akuluakulu a helikopita, ndi matailosi oteteza kutentha a ceramic a space shuttle.