Kodi Kuwetsa Ma Laser Ndi Chiyani? Kodi Ubwino wa Makina Owetsa Ma Laser Ndi Wotani?

Kodi Kuweta ndi Laser N'chiyani? Kodi Ubwino wa Kuweta ndi Chiyani?Makina Owotcherera a Laser?

Kuwotcherera ndi laser ndi njira yowotcherera yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito kuwala kwa laser kwamphamvu kwambiri komwe kumayang'ana pamalo owotcherera kuti kusungunule mwachangu zinthu zakomweko ndikupanga dziwe losungunuka. Dziwe likazizira, mgwirizano wamphamvu pakati pa zinthuzo umapezeka. Makhalidwe ake akuluakulu ndi mphamvu yochulukirapo, kutentha mwachangu, komanso kupangika kwa weld molondola.

Monga zida, makina owotcherera a laser amapereka ubwino waukulu pankhani ya ubwino, magwiridwe antchito, komanso kusinthasintha, pothetsa mavuto ambiri okhudzana ndi kuwotcherera kwachikhalidwe. Tsatanetsatane wake ndi uwu:

Choyamba: Kodi kwenikweni ndi chiyaniKuwotcherera kwa Laser?

Mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito laser welding ingagawidwe m'magawo atatu okha:

Jenereta ya laser imapanga kuwala kwa laser komwe kumakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri, komwe kumayang'aniridwa ndi makina owunikira kuti akwaniritse kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya 10⁴–10⁶ W/cm².

Mtambo wa laser wolunjika umagwira ntchito pamwamba pa zipangizo zomwe ziyenera kulumikizidwa (monga chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, aluminiyamu, chitsulo cha kaboni, ndi zina zotero), umatenthetsa nthawi yomweyo madera am'deralo kukhala osungunuka ndikupanga dziwe losungunuka.

Pamene kuwala kwa laser kukuyenda m'njira yokonzedweratu, dziwe losungunuka limapangidwa mosalekeza ndikuzizira mofulumira, pamapeto pake limapanga msoko wothina komanso wosasunthika wolumikizirana wopanda msoko.

Poyerekeza ndikuwotcherera kwachikhalidwe kwa arc ndi kuwotcherera kwa arc ya argon, kuwotcherera kwa laser sikufuna ma electrode kapena waya wodzaza (waya umagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zina zokha). Kumadalira mphamvu ya laser yokha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kutentha kusokonezeke kwambiri ndi zinthuzo.

Ubwino Waukulu wa Makina Owotcherera a Laser

Mphamvu zinayi zazikulu zokwaniritsira zosowa zopangira

1. Ubwino Wapamwamba Wowotcherera: Kulondola Kwambiri, Kusintha Kochepa, Kukonzanso Kochepa

Kugwira ntchito bwino kwa welding: Mphamvu ya laser yokhazikika imapanga welds zopapatiza (zofanana ndi 0.1 mm) zokhala ndi kulowa kofanana, ma pores ndi zolumikizira zochepa. Mphamvu yokoka komanso kukana ming'alu kumawonjezeka ndi 20%–30% kuposa welding yachikhalidwe, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zida zamankhwala, zida zamagetsi ndi ntchito zina zolondola kwambiri.

Kusokonezeka kochepa kwa ntchito: Malo omwe amakhudzidwa ndi kutentha ndi 1/5 mpaka 1/10 yokha kuposa momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito powotcherera wamba. Mukawotcherera chitsulo chopyapyala chosapanga dzimbiri chopyapyala ngati 0.5 mm, kupindika kumachepa, zomwe zimachepetsa kuwongoka ndi kupukutira pambuyo pa kuwotcherera.

Mawonekedwe oyera komanso osalala: Zosefera zosalala komanso zathyathyathya sizifuna kupukutidwa pang'ono kapena kupukutidwa konse, zoyenera kwambiri pazinthu zofunika kwambiri monga zitsulo ndi zida zogwirira ntchito.

2. Kugwiritsa Ntchito Bwino Kwambiri Kuwotcherera: Liwiro Lachangu, Makina Odziyimira Pawokha Ambiri, Ndalama Zotsika za Ogwira Ntchito

Liwiro lalikulu la kuwotcherera: Kuchuluka kwa mphamvu kumalola liwiro kuwirikiza katatu mpaka kasanu kuposa kuwotcherera kwa argon arc wamba. Pa chitsulo cha kaboni cha 2 mm, liwiro limatha kufika 10–15 mm/s, zomwe zimafupikitsa kwambiri kuzungulira kwa kupanga zinthu zambiri.

Makina osavuta ochitira zinthu okha: Owotcherera a laser amatha kuphatikizidwa ndi makina a CNC, manja a robotic kapena malo owonerakuwotcherera njira yokha, kuchepetsa kudalira ntchito zamanja ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ntchito zonse zikuyenda bwino.

Kukonza zinthu mophweka pasadakhale: Zofunikira zochepa zoyeretsa pamwamba; mafuta opepuka kapena okosijeni amatha kuchotsedwa mwachindunji ndi mphamvu ya laser, zomwe zimapulumutsa nthawi yokonzekera.

3. Kuchuluka kwa Ntchito: Kusinthasintha pa Zipangizo Zoonda/Zokhuthala ndi Zosiyana

Kugwirizana kwa zinthu zambiri: Kumalumikiza chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, chitsulo cha kaboni, aluminiyamu, aloyi yamkuwa ndipo kumalola kuwotcherera zitsulo zosiyana (monga, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kupita ku chitsulo cha kaboni, aluminiyamu kupita ku magnesium), kuthana ndi zofooka za njira zachikhalidwe.

Kusinthasintha kwa ntchito: Kumagwira zigawo zazing'ono zolondola (0.1 mm) monga ma sensor pin komanso mbale zokhuthala zopitirira 10 mm (zokhala ndi mitundu yamphamvu kwambiri). Kuphatikizika kwa robotic kumathandiza kuwotcherera bwino mawonekedwe osakhazikika ndi njira zovuta, zomwe zimathandiza magalimoto, zitsulo, ndege ndi mafakitale ena.

4. Kuchepetsa Ndalama Zogwiritsidwa Ntchito Kwa Nthawi Yaitali: Kuchepetsa Zinthu Zogwiritsidwa Ntchito, Kukonza Kosavuta

Ndalama zochepa zogwiritsidwa ntchito: Palibe ndodo zolumikizira kapena waya wodzaza wambiri; mpweya woteteza pang'ono wokha (monga argon) ndi womwe umafunika. Ndalama zogwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali zimachepetsedwa ndi oposa 30% poyerekeza ndi zolumikizira zachikhalidwe.

Kukonza kosavuta: Kapangidwe kakang'ono, nthawi yayitali yogwira ntchito ya zigawo zazikulu (gwero la laser, mutu wa laser) yopitilira maola 10,000. Kukonza nthawi zonse kumaphatikizapo kuyeretsa kuwala ndi kuyang'ana makina ozizira okha.

Kuchuluka kwa ntchito: Palibe owunjikira aluso kwambiri ofunikira; ogwiritsa ntchito atsopano amatha kudziwa kugwiritsa ntchito koyambira mkati mwa milungu 1-2, zomwe zimachepetsa kudalira antchito okalamba.